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280 networking > Chapters 1 - 4 > Flashcards

Chapters 1 - 4 Flashcards

1
Q

1: (p.4) What are target skills?

A

Target skills are the skills you intend to gain.

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2
Q

2: (p.4) What are basic skills?

A

Basic skills are the skills you must learn before you can be good at the
target skills.

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3
Q

3: (p.10) What’s the dierence between the Web and the Internet?

A

The Web refers to web sites. The Internet is bigger. It includes web
sites and other things like network time synchronization, email, gaming,
Skype (VoIP), and Google Earth.

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4
Q

4 (p.253): What does URL stand for?

A

uniform (or universal) resource locator

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5
Q

5 (p.253): What does URI stand for?

A

uniform (or universal) resource identier

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6
Q

6 (p.253):

What are the three most common parts of a URL?

A

scheme (protocol), network location (domain name), path

http: is the scheme (or protocol).

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7
Q

7: (p.11) In networking, what is a protocol?

A

A protocol is a standardized method (set of rules) for communicating.

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8
Q

8: (p.11) What does HTTP stand for?

A

hyper text transfer (or transport) protocol

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9
Q

9: (p.11) List ve popular protocols.

A

http: hyper text transfer protocol.
le: a le right on the user’s local computer.
https: hyper text transfer protocol with security.
mailto: email address (and possibly more).
ftp: le transfer protocol.

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10
Q

10: (p.12) Does capitalization matter with domain names?

A

no

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11
Q

11: (p.12) Does capitalization matter with URLs?

A

yes

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12
Q

12: (p.12) What is the structure of a domain name?

A

little-endian

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13
Q

13: (p.13) Does capitalization matter in the path portion of a URL?

A

yes

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14
Q

14: (p.13) What is the normal structure of the path?

A

big-endian

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15
Q

15: (p.14) What does big-endian mean?

A

Big-endian indicates (1) a hierarchical relationship among parts, (2) with
the most broad, inclusive, substantial, general end coming rst. The later
parts are subdivisions of, owned by, or contained in the earlier parts.

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16
Q

16: (p.15) What does little-endian mean?

A

Little-endian indicates (1) a hierarchical relationship among parts, (2)
with the most precise, specic, narrow end coming rst. The later parts
are increasingly more broad, inclusive, and general. Later parts own or
contain the earlier parts.

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17
Q

17: (p.15) When is little-endian better?

A

Little-endian is better when the item is relative to some obvious base of
reference. Then only the dierence from the basis is needed and the rest
can be omitted.

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18
Q

18: (p.15) What does mixed-endian mean?

A

Mixed-endian indicates a hierarchical relationship among parts, with a
cultural expectation about the ordering of the parts, but being neither
big-endian nor little-endian.

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19
Q

19: (p.16) What is syntax?

A

Syntax is the form or format taken by language.

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20
Q

20: (p.16) In a URL, what is the purpose of \@”?

A

@ is a syntax marker that comes after the username (and password) and
before the domain name. It appears this way in mailto URLs. It also
appears with certain protected web sites.

21
Q

21: (p.16) In a URL, what is the purpose of :”?

A

: is a syntax marker that can appear in three places.
It appears after the scheme (protocol).
It appears between username and password, if these are present.
It appears after the domain name, if a port is specied.

22
Q

22: (p.17) In a URL, what is the purpose of \?”?

A

? is a syntax marker that comes after the path and introduces the query,
which consists of name=value pairs.

23
Q

23: (p.17) In a URL, what is the purpose of =”?

A

= is a syntax marker that separates names and values in the query section
of the URL, like name=value, or like a=5.

24
Q

24: (p.17) In a URL, what is the purpose of \&”?

A

& is a syntax marker that appears between the name=value pairs of a
query, like \name=value&a=5”.

25
Q

25: (p.17) In a URL, what is the purpose of \;”?

A

; is a syntax marker that can appear between the name=value pairs of a
query, serving the same role as the &.

26
Q

26: (p.17) In a URL, what is the purpose of +”?

A

+ is a syntax marker that replaces the space character. Spaces are not
allowed in URLs.

27
Q

27: (p.17) In a URL, what is the purpose of \%”?

A

(a) % is a syntax marker that introduces a hexadecimal \percent code.”(b) These codes are used in place of characters that would otherwise have
special meaning, like syntax markers.

28
Q

28: (p.18) In a URL, what is the purpose of #”?

A 
# is a syntax marker that introduces the fragment ID. It tells the browser
what part of a web page to jump to.
29
Q

29: (p.20) What does LAN stand for?

A

local area network

30
Q

30: (p.20) What protocol do most LANs use for communication?

A

ethernet

31
Q

31: (p.21) What does IP stand for?

A

internet protocol

32
Q

32: (p.21) What is a software port?

A

A software port is a number that indicates which computer program
should receive the message.

33
Q

33: (p.22) What is Survivability?

A

The ability to continue functioning, perhaps with reduced performance,
if part of the network has been destroyed.

34
Q

34: (p.23) Why does the Internet avoid centralization?

A

Centralization is a threat to survivability.

35
Q

35: (p.24) What does DNS stand for?

A

35: (p.24) What does DNS stand for?

36
Q

36: (p.25) What service does DNS provide?

A

It converts domain names into IP addresses

37
Q

37: (p.25) Is there any special meaning to the order of the parts in a domain
name? If so, what?

A

Yes. Domain names are little-endian..

38
Q

38: (p.26) What does TLD stand for?

A

top level domain

39
Q

39: (p.27) What is Cyber Squatting?

A

It is the practice of registering domain names that people would probably
assume are really owned by someone else.

40
Q

40: (p.28) Can you own a domain name?

A

no

41
Q

41: (p.29) Does BYUH control the domain byuh.doncolton.com? Why or
why not?

A

It does not. Sub domains are controlled by the next higher domain, and
may have no relationship to more famous domains or brands that they
look like.

42
Q

42: (p.31) What does DHCP stand for?

A

dynamic host conguration protocol

43
Q

43: (p.31) What is a host?

A

Host is just another name for computing device. It might be a server, a
desktop computer, a laptop, a tablet, a smart phone, or even a router.

44
Q

44: (p.32) What is conguration?

A

Conguration adjusts the settings that control something, such as a com-
puter.

45
Q

45: (p.32) What does dynamic mean?

A

Dynamic means something that can change automatically, without man intervention. It is the opposite of static.

46
Q

46: (p.33) What does static mean?

A

Static means something that does not change unless there is human in-
tervention. It is the opposite of dynamic.

47
Q

47: (p.33) What does DHCP provide? Include a specic example.

A

(a) DHCP provides parameters necessary to use the network. (b) Specic
examples include IP address, net mask, gateway, and DNS servers.

48
Q

48: (p.33) How does a typical laptop computer discover its own IP address?

A

dhcp

49
Q

49: (p.34) How does a typical server computer discover its own IP address?

A

Server IP addresses are normally static. The IP address is stored within
the server. It does not have to ask for it.

280 networking (6 decks)

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