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Theology II Vocab. > Chapters 1-5 > Flashcards

Chapters 1-5 Flashcards

1
Q

The redemptive Passion, Death, Resurrection, and glorious Ascension of Jesus Christ, through which Jesus not only liberated humans from sin but also gave them new life

A

Paschal Mystery

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2
Q

Both a gift from God that can only exist with God’s preceding grace and an act of a person’s intellect, an ascending to the divine truth by command of the will that has been moved by that grace.

A

Faith

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3
Q

The bishops, in communion with the pope (the successor of St. Peter), who are the living and teaching office of the Church

A

Magisterium

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4
Q

“The heritage of faith contained in Sacred Scripture and Sacred Tradition, handed down in the Church from the time of the Apostles, from which the Magisterium draws all that it proposes for belief as being divinely revealed”.

A

Deposit of Faith

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5
Q

The partnership between God and humanity that God has established out of his love.

A

covenant

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6
Q

The story of God’s action in human history

A

Salvation History

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7
Q

The reign or rule of God

A

Kingdom of God

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8
Q

The final judgment of all humanity when Christ returns to earth.

A

Second Coming

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9
Q

Jesus’ twelve specially chosen and commissioned disciples

A

Apostles

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10
Q

The event that “marks the definitive entrance of Jesus’ humanity into God’s heavenly domain”

A

Ascension

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11
Q

From the Greek for “fiftieth day,” a Jewish harvest feast occurring fifty days after Passover

A

Pentecost

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12
Q

The handing on of the teaching, preaching, and office of the Apostles to their successors, the bishops, through the laying on of hands.

A

Apostolic Succession

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13
Q

Vows of personal poverty, chastity, and obedience

A

Evangelical Counsels

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14
Q

A special gift or grace of the Holy Spirit that directly or indirectly builds up the Church, helps a per-son live a Christian life, or serves the common good.

A

Charism

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15
Q

From the Hebrew for “the Chosen One” or “the Anointed One”

A

Messiah

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16
Q

witnesses to the truth of faith who endure even death to be faithful to Christ.

A

Martyrs

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17
Q

Christian writers who defend the Church against anti-Christian writings or heresies through the use of reason and intellectual defenses.

A

Apologists

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18
Q

exclusively referred to a person who was polytheistic

A

Pagans

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19
Q

Higher beings or gods based on the belief system of a particular religion.

A

Deities

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20
Q

The courage that Christians are called to embrace and rely on in order to evangelize and live their faith openly; also, one of the four cardinal virtues

A

Fortitude

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21
Q

The physical remains or personal effects of a saint that are approved by the Church for veneration

A

Relic

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22
Q

Cycle of the liturgical seasons of Advent, Christmas Ordinary Time, Lent, Triduum, and Easter, organized around the major events of Jesus’ life.

A

Liturgical Year

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23
Q

The day on the liturgical calendar commemorating a saint’s entry into heaven, typically celebrated on or close to the day when a saint died

A

Feast Day

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24
Q

People who are undergoing a period of study and spiritual preparation before receiving the Sacrament of Baptism.

A

Catechumens

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25
Q

Those men from the first through eighth centuries AD who were given this title based on their monumental contributions to the Church, especially their extensive teaching and writing about the Faith in order to help it grow and develop

A

Church Fathers

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26
Q

Incorrect and otherwise errant under-standings or teachings about certain doctrinal matters or dogmas

A

Heresies

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27
Q

The first ecumenical council; a meeting of three hundred bishops that took place in325, most importantly to provide a response to the Arian heresy and a common profession of faith

A

First Council of Nicaea

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28
Q

The heresy denied the divinity of Jesus, claiming that he was like the Father except that he was created by the Father

A

Arianism

29
Q

From a Greek term (hypostasis) employed to describe the union of the human and divine natures of Jesus Christ, the Son of God, in one Divine Person

A

Hypostatic Union

30
Q

Religious life in which men or women leave the world and enter a monastery or convent to devote themselves to solitary prayer, contemplation, and self-denial

A

Monasticism

31
Q

A joint declaration by the Roman emperor Constantine and Licinius in the East in 313 that legalized the practice of Christianity and other religions throughout the Roman Empire.

A

Edict of Milan

32
Q

Christians of about the fourth century who withdrew into the desert to live an ascetic life of prayer, fasting, and abstinence.

A

Desert Fathers

33
Q

The political theory often practiced when Christianity was legalized that held that a secular ruler could also have authority over the Church, including in matters of doctrine

A

Caesaropapism

34
Q

Meetings of Catholic bishops from around the world, typically convened in order to discuss and resolve pressing theological topics.

A

Ecumenical Counsels

35
Q

Bishops of one of the five episcopal sees

A

Patriarchs

36
Q

A collection of laws written in Latin that were instituted by the Byzantine emperor Justinian

A

Justinian Code of Law

37
Q

a break in Christian unity that takes place when a group of Christians separates itself from the Church

A

Schism

38
Q

The official list of inspired books in the Bible

A

Canon

39
Q

From the early fourth century, the oldest complete copy of the Bible in existence

A

Codex Vaticanus

40
Q

The part of the Mass that includes the “writings of the prophets”

A

Liturgy of the Word

41
Q

The foundational statement of Christian belief that was produced by the Church leaders gathered at the First Council of Nicaea in 325

A

Nicene Creed

42
Q

The systematic contemplation within the Church on the Divine Person and work of Jesus Christ.

A

Christology

43
Q

The heresy spread by Nestorius, a fifth-century patriarch of Constantinople, that asserted that some of Christ’s traits were purely human, and others were purely divine

A
  1. Nestorianism
44
Q

The heresy taught in the fifth century that asserted that there is only one nature in the Person of Christ—his divine nature.

A

Monophysitism

45
Q

The heresy taught in the seventh century that claimed that Jesus has two natures but only one will—his divine will

A

Monothelitism

46
Q

Latin for “and from the Son”; a phrase added to the Nicene Creed by the Western Church without the agreement of the Eastern Church to specify that the Holy Spirit proceeds from both the Father and the Son

A

Filioque

47
Q

Islamic prophet

A

Muhammad

48
Q

The territory in modern-day central Italy that was overseen by the pope from the eighth century until 1870

A

Papal States

49
Q

A practice in the Middle Ages whereby secular rulers chose the bishops for their territories, thus usurping the right of the pope to choose bishops

A

Lay Investiture

50
Q

The controversial practice of selling and buying positions or favor within the Church

A

Simony

51
Q

The governing system that prevailed in Europe in the Middle Ages in which a superior or lord granted land to a vassal in return for military services of that vassal.

A

Feudalism

52
Q

A heresy that falsely taught that all matter is evil, and the spirit is inherently good

A
  1. Albigensianism
53
Q

A heresy that falsely taught that all matter is evil, and the spirit is inherently good

A

Albigensianism

54
Q

Church teaching that holds that the substance of the bread and wine is changed into the substance of the Body and Blood of Christ at the consecration at Mass.

A

Transubstantiation

55
Q

A time of great achievement in the Middle Ages when the Church and Western society were one.

A

Christendom

56
Q

A series of military expeditions made according to a solemn vow to return holy places to the possession of the Church from the Muslims.

A

Crusades

57
Q

A Church tribunal established in the thirteenth century that was first designed to curb the Albigensian heresy.

A

Papal Inquisition

58
Q

The final purification of all who die in God’s grace and friendship but remain imperfectly purified.

A

Purgatory

59
Q

An erroneous idea, popular in the Middle Ages, that an ecumenical council of the Church had more authority than the pope and could depose him if they so desired

A

Conciliarism

60
Q

The theological system that arose during the Middle Ages, developed notably by St. Thomas Aquinas, balancing faith and reason and relying heavily on classical philosophy and the Church Fathers

A

Scholasticism

61
Q

Teachings that follow the theology and philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas, especially from the Summa Theologica

A

Thomism

62
Q

A cultural rebirth begun in the Late Middle Ages that rediscovered the ancient civilizations of Rome and Egypt

A

Renaissance

63
Q

A cultural and intellectual movement of the Renaissance that emphasized the rediscovery of the literature, art, and civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome.

A

Humanism

64
Q

A term applied to the Americas, as compared to the “Old World” of Europe

A

New World

65
Q

The process by which a nation establishes a prominent presence by exerting an element of power or control in an area beyond their original borders.

A

Colonization

66
Q

The remission before God of the temporal punishment still due to forgiven sins

A

Indulgences

67
Q

Spanish for “conquerors”; those explorers who left Spain to conquer new faraway territories and claim them in the name of the Spanish crown.

A

Conquistadors

68
Q

The method by which religious missionaries, such as the Jesuits, adjust their evangelization methods to match the cultural and linguistic elements of the group whom they are evangelizing.

A

Accommodation

Theology II Vocab. (2 decks)

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