Chapters 1-6 Flashcards
1
Q
Prime reason that quint apparatus are often ineffective as multipurpose companies ?
A
Lack of strong and knowledgeable officers.
2
Q
Time is primarily saved by two factors?
A
Getting to your apparatus quickly
Knowing your district
3
Q
Seven steps of visual awareness
A
Know your blind spots Look ahead See the total picture Scan Maximize your perimeter Maintain sufficient following distances Make sure other know your intentions
4
Q
Wet concrete roadways requires approximately ___to __ % more stopping distance
A
35-40%
5
Q
Tall buildings hills, winding roads, blind intersections and heavy brush can reduce siren audibility by as much as ?
A
2/3’s
6
Q
Nine basic principals of multicompany operations
A
Effective fireground operations center around one IC
Effective communication
Apparatus placement
Efficient apparatus placement from ic
Placement of initial companies
Placement of engines are more flexible
Don’t approach from same direction
Uncommitted should position back
Chief officers should park upfront
7
Q
Key factors in determining ability of an aerial device to reach an object?
A
Setback
Height
Length of aerial
Overhead hazards
8
Q
As the angle of inclination between the ground and the aerial device increases so does _____?
A
So does the strength
9
Q
Preferred climbing angle
A
70-80
10
Q
On uneven terrain it is generally best to set ____ jack first?
A
Low side
11
Q
On level ground set the ___ side jack first?
A
Off side
12
Q
Target area?
A
Span that can be reached by an aerial device
13
Q
Keep aerial devices ___ft from electrical conductors?
A
10ft
14
Q
There rid no substitute for an ___?
A
Alert operator
15
Q
When placing an aerial ladder to a window or fire escape balcony, ____?
A
Place the too rung flush with the sill or railing
16
Q
Always bring aerial device ____ to the victim
A
Down
17
Q
Leave at least ____ft behind aerials
A
30ft
18
Q
THe platform should be ____
A
Extended just past the parapet and lowered as close as possible
19
Q
End extending a aerial ladder over an object, extend it how far?
A
Far enough to be seen easily from the roof.
20
Q
Ladders must be positioned about ___ to ____above an object
A
4-6”
21
Q
Two reasons not to test aerial on object?
A
Can foster collapse
Weaken ladder
22
Q
Since most aerials are truss design, the handrails of the ladder are in ____ while the base rails are in _____?
A
Handrails tension
Base rails compression
23
Q
First generation?
A
Prior to 1980
24
Q
Second generation?
A
1980-1991/92
25
Size up consists of three distinct parts?
Analysis
Decision
Implementation
26
Type as construction will indicate?
Rate of burning
Avenues of spread
Structural integrity
Time necessary to conduct safe fire ground operations
Problems that will impact efforts to confine fire
27
Size up will focus on the following areas
Construction styles
Roof styles
Construction methods
Age of the building
28
Conventional depends on the?
Size of structural members for strength
29
Mill timber size?
8x8
30
How does lightweight construction get it's strength?
For compression and tension
31
6 most common types of roof styles?
```
Gable
Flat
Hip
arch
Bridge truss
Sawtooth
```
32
To get an accurate estimate of the amount of time that a building can be considered structurally viable
Type of construction
How long fire has been burning
Severity of fire
Your experience
33
Typical gusset plate made of?
18g 3/8" penetration
34
Strong areas of conventional construction
Ridge
Hips
Valleys where rafters cross outside walls
35
Typical plywood decking depth?
3/8
1/2
36
Bridge truss roofs bottom and top chords are in what state?
Bottom is tension
Top is compression
37
Bridge truss is built from what size lumber?
2x12
38
When wS bridge truss built?
20-40's
39
_______ sheathing provides increased structural stability than _____ sheathing?
Diagonal
Straight
40
The strong area is the _____ of bridge truss?
Perimeter
41
Bowstring covered with ?
1x6 sheathing
42
Strong area if bowstring?
Perimeter
43
Anothe name for arch roof?
Lamella
44
Lamella is an ___ pattern roof
Diamond or egg crate
45
Total roof collapse could occurs if the fire removed more than ____%
20 %
46
Lamellar type roof is supported by?
Exterior but russets
Or
Internal tie rods with turnbuckles
47
Lamella is common on what?
Gyms
Large supermarkets
48
There are three primary factors in recognizing wood truss contruction?
Roof shape
Long unsupported spans
Occupancy type
49
_____ roofs are among the most hazardous types of construction encountered by suppression personnel.
Timber truss roofs
50
Flat roofs can be categorized in ?
Conventional flat
Flat wood I beam
Flat roof open web
Flat metal gusset
51
What micro lam
Cheap grade lumber for structural mrmbers
52
Three main components of wooden I beams?
Top chord
Bottom chord
Stem
53
What is diaphragm nailing?
Plywood decking is bailed to structural members
54
Common in center space for I beam?
2 ft
55
What is used in I beam roofs to join sides and lateral strength?
Nailing blocks
56
Nailing blocks are spaced ____ on center
4ft
57
What are steel tubes on open web constructed of?
2" cold rolled steel tubing
58
Spans if up to ___ft on open web?
70ft
59
Metal gusset flat roofs ca span up to?
80ft
60
Panelized consists of?
Beams
Purlins
2x4
1/2 decking
61
Where is panelized mostly found?
Western states
62
Panelized beams are spaced between ____ and ____ft apart
12' and 40'
63
Open web top and bottom chord is made of
1/8" steel with web supports of 5/8 steel bar
64
Metal exposed to fire will expand, twist, possibly fail at ___?
1,000 degrees
65
What is Robertson decking?
Steel or wood substructure is covered by corrugated metal. Air mixture of sand, cement and pea gravel to 3 or 4 inches
66
What properties does non structural lightweight concrete have?
Insululative property's
Sound and resilient to fire
67
When exposed to sufficient heat, metal beams can expand ____ " per every ____ ft?
9"
| 100'
68
Concrete construction styles?
Concrete conventional
Concrete tilt up
Masonry
69
Brick buildings up until _____ are commonly classified as _____?
1933
Unreinforced masonry buildings
70
Characteristics of brick built before 1933?
Mirror consisting if sand and lime only, no cement
Lack of steel
Brick exterior walls about 13" thick
Parapet walls 3-5ft
Roof joists "let" in
Fire cuts
71
Following 1933 long beach earthquake what revisions were added?
Cement must be in mortar
Reinforced with steel rebar
Exterior walls 9"
Joists and rafters anchored
72
Post 1959
4-6" concreat bond-beam cap on lowered parapets
Parapet should not be higher than 16"
Exterior walls must be drilled with steel anchor bars or rods every 4 ft
73
Post 1971
Anchoring walls to floor
Strengthening roof constructions
74
Every fourth to seven row of bricks?
Kings row
Laid on end
75
Curtain construction can be ___% faster.
60%
76
Consider 4 basic criteria when confronted with fascia
Overhang
Height and shape
Supports
Height from roof line
77
Scuppers
Actual level of roof used for drainage
78
Two types of elevators
Electric and hydraulic
79
Elevators are found unfollowing configurations?
Drum type
Traction type
80
Limitations in the length and diameter of winding drum limit this type of elevator to?
150ft
81
Two types of traction type elevators?
High speed direct traction
gearless slow speed
82
Where is traction type elevator machine room?
Penthouse roof
83
How high are hydraulic elevators?
6 story's
84
Controls and equipment are found where?
Basement or lowest level
85
Machine room consists of two main components?
Controller or relay
Hydraulic power unit
86
Doors on the car are called?
Cab door
87
Door from hallway?
Hoist way door
88
4 basic doors
Center opening
Single slide
Two speed doors
Swing hall
89
How are elevator doors opened?
Power unit on top of door
90
Fire service control should be on elevator after ___ date
1973
91
To place elevator into phase I mode
Insert key into lobby key switch and turn to on position
92
What does phase I do?
Returns elevators nonstop to lobby, on arrival doors will open and remain there a along as the switch is on
93
What is phase II?
When key is inserted into elevator and turn to on position
94
Can key be removed on bypass mode?
No
95
How to open and close doors?
By pressing and holding until fully owed or open
96
Where should personnel with radios be position for trapped victims?
Equipment room
Floor elevator is stopped
97
Name of elevator key?
Lunar key
98
Where is hoist way access opening?
Upper right portion
99
Typically doors will open of they are within?
18"
100
What is a gib block?
Blocks on bottom of elevator doors that ride in tracks.
101
How much do gib blocks cost?
Several dollars apiece
102
When won't cutting gib blocks work?
Top floor or between floors
103
Emergency side exits are usually ___x ___
16"x5'high
104
Blind shaft panels located where?
Same side as hoist way doors
105
Escalator traveling 90 and 120 ft per min can carry ___ passengers per hour
5,000
106
Forcible entry consists of 3 methods
Conventional-axe,halligan, bolt cutters
Through the lock-pulling out locking device
Power tool- saws, rabbit took
107
Disadvantage if going through a window?
Smaller and restrict entry
108
Windows are constructed of 3 basic components?
Frame- structural case or border which window is set into
Sash- surrounds and supports glazing
Glazing- glass or thermoplastic
109
Which glass is least expensive?
Plate(annealed)
110
Heat strengthened
Brakes into smaller shards
111
Tempered glass
Heat treated
5 times stronger than plate glass
"Tempered" in lower corners
112
Laminated glass
Layer of polyester film same hitched between two layers
113
Four basic types of windows
Stationary
Sliding
Pivoting
Swinging
114
Thickness of polyester window films
4.0mm
115
What is ranch style windows?
Horizontal sliding windows
116
Name of a hinged window?
Hopper
117
A louver type window?
Awning/jalousie
118
_____ windows consist of small sections about ____ inches wide.
Jalousie
4"
119
Most difficult type window to open?
Jalousie
120
Polycarbonate windows?
Lexan
121
How many times stronger is lex an than safety glass?
250
122
Jam?
Structural case border
123
Strike?
Receives a deadbolt
124
4 basic types of doors
Swinging
Sliding
Overhead
Revolving
125
Hollow core
Solid wood frame
| Wood strips or cardboard with wood veneer
126
Metal doors may be?
Kalemine
Hollow
Overhead
127
Hollow metal is what gauge?
14-16guage
128
4 types of overhead
Rolling
sheet curtain
Sectional
Tilt up
129
Sheet curtain door is?
Solid piece thin corrugated metal and is manually operated by winding on off a drum
130
Metal clad door?
Kalemine
131
Opening of walls?
Breaching
132
Truck companies carry minimum of ___ft
115
133
Metal ladders can suddenly fail at ___ degrees?
200 degrees
134
How often should all ground ladders be visually inspected?
Monthly
135
Average electrical service lines are __ volts?
120/240 volts
136
Single family homes are commonly insulated to
600 volts
137
To quickly achieve 70 degree climbing angle, the base of the ground ladder is normally placed ____ of the working height?
1/4
138
When laddering a fire escape the ladder should extend ___ maximum above railings
1 ft
139
Difference between a quad and a quint?
Complement of ground ladders
