Chapters 11-12 Flashcards
(33 cards)
Something of value one cannot get without joining an organization.
Incentive
Money or things valued in monetary terms.
Material incentives
Assessments of a representative’s voting record on issues important to an interest group.
Ratings
The social rewards that lead people to join political organizations.
Solidary incentives
A benefit that comes from serving a cause or principle.
Purposive incentive
Political organizations that attract members by appealing to their political convictions or principles.
Ideological interest groups
A person who tries to influence legislation on behalf of an interest group.
Lobbyist
A signal telling a legislator what values are at stake in a vote, and how that issue fits into his or her own political views on party agenda.
Political cue
An organization of people sharing a common interest or goal that seeks to influence public policy.
Interest group
A committee set up by a corporation, labor union, or interest group that raises and spends campaign money from voluntary funds.
Political action committee (PAC)
A political organization whose goals will principally benefit nonmembers.
Public-interest lobby
Media stories about events that, though public, are not regularly covered by reporters.
Feature stories
A widely shared demand for change in some aspect of the social or political order.
Social movement
A series, or log, of discussion items on a page of the world wide web.
Blog
News coverage that focuses on who is ahead rather than on the issues.
Horse-race journalism
What the official says can be used, but not attributed to anybody not even an anonymous source.
On deep background
Media stories about events regularly covered by reporters.
Routine stories
What the official says can be used but may not be attributed to him or her by name. Reporters often call such an anonymous source “a high-ranking official” or “a knowledgeable member of Congress”
On background
Media stories about events that are not usually made public.
Insider stories
A radio or video clip of someone speaking.
Sound bite
The passage of this restricted the amount any interest could give to a candidate for federal office and it made it legal for organizations to create political action committees (PACs) that could make political contributions.
Campaign Finance Reform Law of 1973
An FCC rule that if a broadcaster sells time to one candidate, it must sell equal time to other candidates.
Equal time rule
Paying attention only to those news stories with which one already agrees.
Selective attention
The tendency of the national media to be suspicious of officials and eager to reveal unflattering stories about them.
Adversarial press
