Chapters 12, 13, and 14

Question 1

Chapter 12

What is abnormal behavior?

Answer 1

Behavior that is deviant, maladaptive, personally distressing.

Question 2

What is maladaptive behavior?

Answer 2

Dysfunctional behavior

Question 3

What is the psychological approach?

Answer 3

Experiences, thoughts, emotions, and personality

Question 4

What types of characteristics are taken into consideration when using the sociocultural approach?

Answer 4

Social Context

Question 5

What are the main controversies surrounding the DMS-IV-TR?

Answer 5

Stigma, Medical Terminology, focuses on weakness, and promotes over-diagnosis

Question 6

What feelings or emotions are associated with anxiety disorders?

Answer 6

Intense fear of being humiliated, overprotective, rejecting parenting

Question 7

What are the characteristics of panic disorder?

Answer 7

Sudden onsets of intense terror, genetic predisposition, conditioning to CO2, gender differences.

Question 8

What disorders fall under the category of anxiety disorders?

Answer 8

Generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, OCD, PTSD

Question 9

What are the effects of PTSD?

Answer 9

Flashbacks, avoidance or emotional experiences, excessive startle, difficulties with memory, and impulsive outbursts

Question 10

What is the leading cause of disability in the US?

Answer 10

Mental illness

Question 11

What brain structures are involved in depression? Are the brain structures less or more active?

Answer 11

1. Amygdala, Thalamus, Hippocampus, Prefrontal Cortex

2. Less Active

Question 12

What is learned helplessness?

Answer 12

A condition where a person suffers from a sense of powerlessness arising from a traumatic event or persistent failure to succeed.

Question 13

How many people who commit suicide are thought to have a diagnosable mental disorder?

Answer 13

40,000

Question 14

In people suffering from anorexia nervosa, what is their weight when compared to normal people?

Answer 14

Excessively low

Question 15

What is the main feature of dissociative disorders?

Answer 15

Sudden loss of memory or change in identity

Question 16

What is the least common dissociative disorder?

Answer 16

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Question 17

What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 17

Hallucinations and delusions, thought disorders, and disorders of movement.

Question 18

What are hallucinations?

Answer 18

When the mind perceives something that is not there

Question 19

Chapter 13
1. What type of disorders are benzodiazepines used to treat?

2. What are some examples of them?

Answer 19

1. Mental Disorders

2. Anxiety, insomnia, seizures

Question 20

What are Tricyclics and what disorder are they used to treat?

Answer 20

1. Antidepressants

2. Panic Disorder

Question 21

What have studies shown about the use of antidepressants in children?

Answer 21

Increases suicide rates

Question 22

What is electroconvulsive therapy used to treat?

Answer 22

Major depressive disorder

Question 23

What is the focus of psychodynamic therapy?

Answer 23

Psychological processes

Question 24

What is transference? Be able to recognize and example.

Answer 24

A phenomenon characterized by unconscious redirection of feelings from one person to another

Question 25

What are the characteristics of client-centered therapy?

Answer 25

Unconditional positive regard, Genuineness, and empathetic understanding.

Question 26

What is the primary premise of the humanistic approach?

Answer 26

Conscious thoughts, self-healing, and self-fulfillment

Question 27

What is the goal of behavior therapy?

Answer 27

The unlearning of maladaptive behavior

Question 28

What is cognitive therapy?

Answer 28

Cognitive restructuring

Question 29

What is the focus of Beck’s cognitive therapy?

Answer 29

To reduce self-defeating thoughts

Question 30

What are the advantages of group therapy?

Answer 30

The group shares disorders

Question 31

What techniques are used in family therapy?

Answer 31

Validation, reframing, structural change, and de-triangulation.

Question 32

What are some examples of self-help groups?

Answer 32

Alcoholics Anonimous, Narcotics Anonimous, and Smart Recovery

Question 33

What does research say about the effectiveness of psychotherapy?

Answer 33

It enhances psychological well-being

Question 34

What occurs for therapy to be considered effective?

Answer 34

A change in the targeted behavior

Question 35

What is the most important factor in the outcome of therapy?

Answer 35

The well-being of the patient

Question 36

Chapter 14 | What is the belief of health psychology?

Answer 36

Establishing health and preventing illness

Question 37

What is the difference between theory of reasoned action and theory of planned action?

Answer 37

Planned action requires control over the outcome

Question 38

Which state of change is consciousness raising associated with?

Answer 38

Contemplation

Question 39

What is the order of the stages of change model?

Answer 39

Precontemplation, contemplation, determination, action, and maintenance.

Question 40

What is associated with each stage in the stages of change model?

Answer 40

``` Precontemplation = Not ready Contemplation = Acknowledge problem Determination = Plan Action Action = Commit and enact plan Maintenance = Long term success ```

Question 41

What is the strongest predictor of making successful life changes?

Answer 41

Personal Motivation

Question 42

What have studies shown about the benefits of religious participation?

Answer 42

Linked to a longer, healthier life

Question 43

What is associated with an internal locus of control?

Answer 43

Awareness

Question 44

What is self-efficacy and what concept is it linked to?

Answer 44

Ones ability to organize information Linked to the ability to execute a course of action

Question 45

What does Seligman say about optimists and pessimists?

Answer 45

That they are ways of coping with stress

Question 46

What is the general adaptation syndrome used to describe?

Answer 46

Resistance to stress

Question 47

What are the stages of the general adaptation syndrome?

Answer 47

Alarm, resistance, and exhaustion

Question 48

What is primary appraisal?

Answer 48

Cognitive appraisals

Question 49

What is secondary appraisal?

Answer 49

Peoples evaluations of their resources and options

Question 50

What is emotion-focused coping and how does it reduce stress?

Answer 50

Talking or writing about their emotions or mindful meditation It clears the mind for rational thinking

Question 51

What is problem-focused coping and how does it reduce stress?

Answer 51

Being positive It doesn't let stress get the better of that person

Question 52

What are the rates of teen pregnancy in the US when compared to other countries?

Answer 52

The U.S. has a higher rate of teen pregnancy