Chapters 13-14

Question 0

More

Answer 0

Christian humanist (1478-1535)
friends w Erasmus
Utopia - 1516
-criticized Catholic Church and society

Question 1

Erasmus

Answer 1

Christian humanist (1466-1536)
The Handbook of the Christian Knight-1503
“philosophy of Christ”
-simple faith, not complex cath. doctrines
The Prince of Folly - 1511

Question 2

pluralism

Answer 2

when church officials took over more than one office

Question 3

Thomas a Kempis

Answer 3

The Imitation of Christ

Question 4

modern devotion

Answer 4

religious movement that stressed simple faith, not complex catholic dogma

Question 5

Martin Luther

Answer 5

German monk whose 95 theses began the Protestant reformation

Question 6

sacraments

Answer 6

specific deeds to the Catholic Church taught one must do to be saved (confession, baptism)

Question 7

good works

Answer 7

catholic idea that one must do certain things in order to be saved (sacraments)

Question 8

justification

Answer 8

the idea that one has earned salvation

Question 9

Leipzig debate

Answer 9

july 1519

Luther had to admit he objected to far more than merely the sale of indulgences

Question 10

tetzel

Answer 10

monk sent to sell indulgences

Question 11

pope Leo X

Answer 11

pope during Luther controversy

Question 12

95 theses

Answer 12

luthers 95 objections to the sale of indulgences

Question 13

emperor Charles V

Answer 13

holy roman emperor whose edict of works demanded luthers arrest

Question 14

Lutheranism

Answer 14

luthers new non catholic christian faith

Question 15

peasants war

Answer 15

(1520s)

uprising against princes inspired by luthers challenged to authority

Question 16

priesthood of all believers

Answer 16

luthers rejection of the Catholic church’s ecclesiastical hierarchy

Question 17

ecclesiastical hierarch

Answer 17

catholic church’s belief that catholic clergy were closer to God than non clergy

Question 18

schmalkaldic league

Answer 18

German Protestant alliance against Holy Roman Emperor Charles V

Question 19

schmalkaldic wars

Answer 19

wars in 1540s between Charles V and the Protestant German princes

Question 20

Zwingli

Answer 20

Protestant reformer in Zurich, Switzerland whose fought a civil war against catholic Swiss leaders but lost and was killed in 1531

Question 21

anabaptists

Answer 21

Protestants who emphasized the voluntary nature of faith and the complete separation of church and state

Question 22

menno Simons

Answer 22

founder of anabaptist group called Mennonites

Question 23

Thomas Cranmer

Answer 23

Archbishop of Canterbury who refused to go along with Henry VIII’s split from the Catholic Church and was executed

Question 24

Henry VIIi

Answer 24

english king who broke from Catholic Church in 1530s

Question 25

act of supremacy

Answer 25

law that made British monarchs the head of the Church of England

Question 26

Edward VI

Answer 26

Henry VIII's sickly son who died at the age of 14

Question 27

Mary I

Answer 27

Henry VIII's daughter who ruled from 1553-58 and along with her husband Philip II of Spain tries to being England back to catholic fold Bloody Mary

Question 28

Tudor

Answer 28

royal dynasty of english during the 1500s

Question 29

John Calvin

Answer 29

Protestant theologian whose institutes of the Christian religion (1536) synthesized Protestant thought

Question 30

predestination

Answer 30

calvins idea that God has already chosen who is saved and people cannot earn salvation

Question 31

Geneva

Answer 31

city in Switzerland Calvin established as a Calvinist theocracy

Question 32

puritans

Answer 32

english Calvinists who wanted to purify the Anglican faith of all its catholic vestiges

Question 33

Jesuits

Answer 33

aka society of Jesus an order of priests founded by Loyola whose the spiritual exercises was training Manual for spiritual developments. it emphasized discipline and education

Question 34

pope Paul III

Answer 34

reform minded pope who called together the council of Trent which reaffirmed catholic Dogma but admitted that the church had problems with corruption

Question 35

index of forbidden books

Answer 35

created by reactionary pope Paul IV to keep Protestant ideas from spreading to catholic areas

Question 36

hugenots

Answer 36

French Calvinists

Question 37

st bartholomews day massacre

Answer 37

catholic French regent Catherine de Medici orders the assassination of many Huguenots who were attending the wedding of hugenot leader Henry of Navarre in Paris in August 1572

Question 38

king Henry IV

Answer 38

title Henry of Navarre took when he converted to Catholicism and became king of France in 1594

Question 39

edict of Nantes

Answer 39

law passed by French kind Henry IV guaranteeing Huguenots the right to exist in France

Question 40

kind Philip II

Answer 40

spanish king as well as holy roman emperor was an ardent catholic and found Protestants in England and the Holy Roman Empire

Question 41

duke of Alva

Answer 41

spanish general sent by Philip II to crush Protestants in the Netherlands and whose council of blood put many to death

Question 42

William of Orange

Answer 42

fought against the spanish in the Netherlands which eventually broke free from Spain in 1609

Question 43

Elizabeth I

Answer 43

British queen after Mary I whose Elizabethan compromise kept Catholics and Protestants from fighting in England

Question 44

Spanish Armada

Answer 44

Spanish kind Philip II's navy is sent to England to punish England for piracy and bring England back into the catholic told. it is defeated