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PSYCH 1101 > Chapters 3-5 > Flashcards

Chapters 3-5 Flashcards

(86 cards)

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1
Q

A micro sleep is___

A

a 3-15 second burst of sleep occurring in the midst of a wakeful activity.

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2
Q

Freud would be most likely to agree with which statement

A

Dreams are important clues to the content of our unconscious

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3
Q

Individuals with narcolepsy___

A

experience sudden episodes of REM sleep during alert times of the day

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4
Q

Enuresis is diagnosed when a child who is at least__ wets his or her bed or pj’s at least__ over a three month period

A

five year old; two times a week

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5
Q

You dream about a monster chasing you and you realize later that the monster symbolizes the research paper that you have due in one of your classes. According to Frued, this interpretation of your dream is called the____

A

Latent content

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6
Q

What do PCP and LSD have in common?

A

They are both hallucinogens

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7
Q

When a person begins showing withdrawal symptoms after stopping the usage of a drug, it is a sign the person has developed___

A

substance dependence

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8
Q

Alcohol is to___as caffeine is to___

A

Depressant; stimulant

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9
Q

What is the correct sequence of events according to drive reduction theory?

A

need, drive, behavior

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10
Q

Maintaining bodily processes at a state of equilibrium is known as achieving___

A

Homeostasis

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11
Q

According to arousal theory, those who engage in physical activities that are extremely risky or dangerous are___

A

seeking high levels of physiological arousal

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12
Q

The most accurate way to view Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is in the form of a___

A

pyrmid

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13
Q

Your friend Tyrone has a BMI of 32. Tyrone would be considered___

A

Obese

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14
Q

The physical desire to have sex is called

A

libido

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15
Q

Suppose your body is having difficulty maintaining homeostasis in temperature, thirst, hunger. This may be due to change in your___

A

Hypothalamus

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16
Q

Sam recently lost his grandmother. Now Sam feels sad whenever he smells the perfume his beloved grandmother used to wear. In this example, the loss of his grandmother is the

A

US

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17
Q

Which of the following responses can be classically conditioned as humans?

A

fear

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18
Q

If you have developed an extreme negative reaction to chicken because it was associated with a case of the flu in your childhood, you have a

A

classically conditioned taste aversion

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19
Q

Wilson wants to use operant conditioning to teach his son to take out the trash. Every time his son takes out the trash, Wilson gives him a dollar. Wilson is employing what type of consequences?

A

postitive reinforcement

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20
Q

Classical conditioning is to ______, as operant conditioning is to ______

A

association of stimuli; consequences of behavior

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21
Q

Social learning involves

A

observing the behaviors of others and learning from them

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22
Q

in one of Albert Bandura’s Bobo doll studies, children observed a model behaving aggressively toward the Bobo doll without receiving any positive or negative consequences for the behavior. Later, when these children were given an opportunity to be with the Bobo doll, they tended to

A

act aggressively toward the Bobo doll

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23
Q

Nicotene is a

A

stimulant

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24
Q

marijuana is a__

A

hallucinogen

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25
"The thoughts,feelings,and aroused states of which we are aware"
Consciousness
26
Jet lag is primarily a result of___
sleep deprivation
27
The idea that dreams are a way to consolidate what we have learned comes from
memory theory
28
Which disorder is common sleep movement disorder in which a person has unpleasant sensations in the legs and an irresistible urge to move them to relieve the pain?
restless leg syndrome
29
When you develop tolerance for a drug, you need___
more of the drug to produce its desired effect
30
When you do not drink any fluids for several hours, you body sends information to your brain, causing you to be motivated to drink. This process is best explained by___
incentive theory
31
The arousal theory of motivation would have the easiest time explaining why a person would___
ride a roller-coaster
32
Doing a job well because you get to experience a sense of pride in your accomplishment is a good example of
inrinsic motivation
33
Sequence of Maslow's hierarchy of needs
physiological, safety, belongingness,esteem,cognitive,aesthetic,self-actualization,transcendence
34
ghrelin is a
hormone secreted by the stomach to stimulate hunger
35
release of ___triggers eating
ghrelin
36
what is a common characteristic of a person with bulimia
average to slightly above average weight
37
successive phases of human sexual responses are
excitement, plateau,orgasm,resolution
38
learning is
a relatively permanent change in behavior, or the potential for behavior, that results from experience
39
when a parent is talking on the telephone and suddenly turns toward the baby crying in the other room____ has occurred
the orienting reflex
40
when your dog continually barks, you eventually pay less attention to the noise, this is called
sensory reduction
41
pavlovian conditioning is the same as
classical conditioning
42
when a stimulus that originally did not cause a particular response now begins to cause that response, _____ has occurred
classical conditioning
43
when a conditioned stimulus no longer produces a conditioned response___has occurred
extinction
44
If a behavior that has been extinguished temporarily exhibits itself again, this would be
a common event called spontaneous recovery
45
in Thorndike's work on the law of effect, he observed
cats learning how to escape a puzzle box
46
Postive reinforcement is to______,as neg reinforcement is to_____
conditioning to increase a behavior; conditioning to decrease a behavior.
47
B.F. Skinner introduced what concept to Throndike's law of effect
operant conditioning
48
myelin
speeds up neural signs
49
within a single neuron, dendrites are___ and axon bulbs are____
at the beginning; at the end
50
without an exon a neuron would not be able to
send neural impulses to other neurons
51
Each neuron in the brain can potentially synapse with up to ____ others
10,000
52
If Mary's neurons were never able to achieve resting potential more positive than -70 milivolts
she would not be able to generate any action potentials
53
when the inside of an axon has a greater neg change than the outside, it is safe to conclude that
an action potential is not being generated in that part of the axon
54
refactory period
time during which a neuron is restoring its resting potential after an action potential has been fired
55
a neuron firing an action potential is most like a person
firing a gun
56
inhibition occurs when
a neurotransmitter makes a postsynaptic neuron less likely to fire an action potential
57
most drugs taken by humans primarily affect the
activity of neurotransmitters in the synapse
58
the fact that we gain pleasure from eating and sex, relys on a neurotransmitter
dopamine
59
chief excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain is
glutamate
60
endorphins
are a type of neurotransmitters that block pain messages
61
the CNS
brain and spinal cord
62
which of the following is not part of the hindbrain
hippocampus
63
Of the following, alcohol primarily impairs the functioning of the
cerebellum
64
recent research has indicated that the amygdala may play a role in how we
receive and respond to emotion-evoking stimuli
65
based on the case of h.m. the hippocampus appears to be important in
forming memories for events
66
the hypothalamus
serves as the point of connection between the nervous system and endocrine helps maintain homeostasis regulates importnat biological motives such as hunger and sleep ALL THE ABOVE
67
brook's area is located in the _____lobe of the cortex
left frontal
68
damge to wenick'e area typically leads to inability to ____
understand spoken lang
69
more directly associated with perception than sensation
interpertation
70
Weber's law is more closely associated with
the just noticable difference
71
Born without cone cells in her retina? what of her vision will be effected
color blind
72
the primary colors of light are
green,red,blue
73
The opponent-process theory states that
cells in the visual system are sensitive to two colors of light, but not at the same time.
74
listenting to very loud music for a long time can cause deafness due to damage to the
hair cells
75
which of the following is part of the middle ear
anvil
76
place theory, frequency theory,duplicity theory, and volley theory, have all been provided as explanations for _____ perception
pitch
77
"fifith taste
unami
78
some researchers believe that humans,like animals have an ability to give off and respond to chemicals that can affect certain aspects of sexual behavior.
pheromones
79
inner layer of our skin
dermis
80
when you travel in the car you have a tendency to experience motion sickness. This is most likely bc you are especially sensitive to changes in your
vestibular system
81
perception
interpretation of sensory info
82
bottom up processing is to____ as top down processing is to____
properties of the stimulus;prior knowledge
83
Which of the following is a binocular depth cue
retinal disparity
84
Top down processing can lead to perceptual errors bc
our expectations can strongly influence what we preceive
85
feature detection theory states that
our visual cortex has specialized cells that fire only in response to specific stimuli
86
arrive at a party and notice 3 diff groups of people
proximity

PSYCH 1101 (2 decks)

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