Chapters 4-10 Flashcards
What is the first step of the Baird Decision Model?
Be Attentive
What three things do you do when you are “Being Attentive”?
1) Attend to the context, 2) identify the decision maker, & 3) pinpoint the ethical issue
What is the second step in the Baird Decision Model?
Be Intelligent
What are the three things you do when you are “Being Intelligent”?
1) Determine the stakeholders, 2) explore the values in tension, & 3) identify options for action
When you “attend to the context” what do you consider?
1) the facts of the situation, 2) our personal worldview (received wisdom about ethics, evaluating received wisdom, and new ideas)
When you “identify the decision maker”, ethical decisions are always _____.
contextual
When you “pinpoint the ethical issue” what do you consider?
1) is this an ethical question?, 2) for the question we are answering, what is the very specific issue to be resolved?
When “determining the stakeholders”, what are the four tiers?
1) shareholders, 2) employees and customers, 3) competitors and vendors, and 4) interested community members
When “exploring the values in tension”, what are the four values in the core value sets for the person in community?
1) rationality, 2) autonomy, 3) sensibility, and 4) equality
____: safeguarding expectations and rules of the game
rationality
____: safeguarding the ability to nimbly more with emerging circumstances - flexibility, tolerance, and freedom
Sensibility
___: the ability to choose for one’s self how best to live both in terms of rights and responsibilities
autonomy
____: fairness in sharing the burdens and benefits
equality
What are the third, fourth, and fifth steps of the Baird Decision Model?
3) Be Reasonable, 4) Be Responsible, & 5) Be Reflective
What are the two things you do when you “Be Reasonable”?
1) Hone critical thinking skills, 2) examine from multiple perspectives
What are the two things you do when you “Be Responsible”?
1) Strive for ethical maturity, 2) act with courage
What are the two things you do when you “Be Reflective”?
1)Reflect on results, 2) seek continuous improvement
What are the benchmarks of ethical maturity?
1) pre-conformist stage, 2) conformist stage, 3) conscientious-conformist stage, 4) conscientious stage 5) compassionate inter-individual stage
When you “Be Responsible”, how do you strive for ethical maturity?
through the four ethical lenses
What are the analytical pitfalls that can happen when you are being reasonable and hone critical thinking skills?
1) circular arguments 2) ad hominem arguments 3) diversions 4)false dichotomy
____ make sure that you do not argue one point by using the same point as validation
circular arguments
____ do not attack a person (or their mental skills) evaluate the argument itself
ad hominem arguments
___ don’t go off on tangents or use glittering generalities to hide the reasoning or assumptions to stir emotions
diversions
____ don’t set up the problem so that the reader is forced into believing that only two choices are available
false dichotomy
What are the questions that the R&R lens asks when they evaluate from the vantage point of intention?
1) What would happen if everyone adopted this way of acting? 2) Am I willing to have someone else use this reason in deciding how they will treat me? 3) If I adopt this option, am I treating people the way they have freely consented to be treated? 4) How does this option meet the requirements of traditional and person ethical principles?
What are the duties of the R&R lens from the vantage point of intention?
fidelity, reparations, gratitude, justice, beneficence, self-improvement, and no maleficence
What are the key phrases of the R&R lens?
I am responsible
I am caring
I delight in my work
What are the risks of the R&R lens?
becoming autocratic
cold-heartedness
spiritual dryness
What are the vices of the R&R lens?
judgmentalism/ criticism
martyrdom
alienation from my best self
What is the goal of the R&R lens?
Create a set of principles to determine duty; develop the ability to evaluate emotions and respond from care; be aware of participating in a sacred purpose
What are the blind spots of the R&R lens?
Belief that motives justifies the method; inability to accurately match data to emotional response; masking pain with busyness
What is the core heuristics of the R&R lens?
What are my R&R? What is a caring response in this situation? What is my relationship to the whole?
An action is ethical for the R&R lens if:
fulfills the rights and responsibilities of the agent; is done with care and concern for other individuals involved; allows you to delight in your work as you carry out your obligations
What is the human task for the R&R lens?
Principles
What are the foundational values of the R&R lens?
temperance; honesty and responsibility
What are the hubris and crises of R&R?
excuses and exhaustion
What are the hubris and crises of R&R?
excuses and exhaustion
What are the hubris and crises of R&R?
excuses and exhaustion
What question does the vantage point of intention ask for the R&R lens?
Why this choice?
What question does the vantage point of intention ask for the R&R lens?
Why this choice?
What question does the vantage point of intention ask for the R&R lens?
Why this choice?
What two elements does the be intelligent step for determining stakeholders of the results lens focus on?
1) the number of stakeholders in any given category 2) the impact our decision will have on them INFLUENCE FACTOR
What two elements does the be intelligent step for determining stakeholders of the results lens focus on?
1) the number of stakeholders in any given category 2) the impact our decision will have on them INFLUENCE FACTOR
What two elements does the be intelligent step for determining stakeholders of the results lens focus on?
1) the number of stakeholders in any given category 2) the impact our decision will have on them INFLUENCE FACTOR
What are the questions that the Results lens asks when they evaluate from the vantage point of intention?
What makes each stakeholder the happiest? Will this decision make the stakeholder more or less happier? Which decision will create the greatest good for the greatest amount of people based on the first two questions?
What are the questions that the Results lens asks when they evaluate from the vantage point of intention?
What makes each stakeholder the happiest? Will this decision make the stakeholder more or less happier? Which decision will create the greatest good for the greatest amount of people based on the first two questions?
What are the questions that the Results lens asks when they evaluate from the vantage point of intention?
What makes each stakeholder the happiest? Will this decision make the stakeholder more or less happier? Which decision will create the greatest good for the greatest amount of people based on the first two questions?
What are the questions that the Results lens asks from the vantage point of empathy?
Does this decision create a Win-Win situation for all stakeholders involved? Does this decision have a mutually satisfying goal for all involved?
What are the questions that the Results lens asks from the vantage point of empathy?
Does this decision create a Win-Win situation for all stakeholders involved? Does this decision have a mutually satisfying goal for all involved?
What are the questions that the Results lens asks from the vantage point of empathy?
Does this decision create a Win-Win situation for all stakeholders involved? Does this decision have a mutually satisfying goal for all involved?
What are the key phrases of the Results lens?
I have choices
I seek win-win situations
I am co-creator of what is
What are the key phrases of the Results lens?
I have choices
I seek win-win situations
I am co-creator of what is
What are the key phrases of the Results lens?
I have choices
I seek win-win situations
I am co-creator of what is
What are the risks of the Results lens?
reducing all to a cost/benefit analysis
ignoring imbalances of power
losing perspective
What are the risks of the Results lens?
reducing all to a cost/benefit analysis
ignoring imbalances of power
losing perspective
What are the risks of the Results lens?
reducing all to a cost/benefit analysis
ignoring imbalances of power
losing perspective
What are the vices of the Results lens?
greed, freeloading, and pride
What are the vices of the Results lens?
greed, freeloading, and pride
What are the vices of the Results lens?
greed, freeloading, and pride
What is the goal of the Results lens?
identify the goals of life; creatively imagine solutions that lead to higher goals; be aware of participating in a sacred plan
What is the goal of the Results lens?
identify the goals of life; creatively imagine solutions that lead to higher goals; be aware of participating in a sacred plan
What is the goal of the Results lens?
identify the goals of life; creatively imagine solutions that lead to higher goals; be aware of participating in a sacred plan
What are the blind spots of the Results lens?
expedience and being satisfied with too little good; maintaining consistency between self-actions and self-views; becoming angry and resentful
What are the blind spots of the Results lens?
expedience and being satisfied with too little good; maintaining consistency between self-actions and self-views; becoming angry and resentful
What are the blind spots of the Results lens?
expedience and being satisfied with too little good; maintaining consistency between self-actions and self-views; becoming angry and resentful
What is the core heuristics of the Results lens?
What results do I want to achieve? What are mutually good results for all in this situation? How can I be a partner in creating a better world?
What is the core heuristics of the Results lens?
What results do I want to achieve? What are mutually good results for all in this situation? How can I be a partner in creating a better world?
What is the core heuristics of the Results lens?
What results do I want to achieve? What are mutually good results for all in this situation? How can I be a partner in creating a better world?
An action is ethical for the Results lens if:
Has good results; creates the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people; serves the greater good resulting in harmony and satisfaction of many individuals
An action is ethical for the Results lens if:
Has good results; creates the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people; serves the greater good resulting in harmony and satisfaction of many individuals
An action is ethical for the Results lens if:
Has good results; creates the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people; serves the greater good resulting in harmony and satisfaction of many individuals
What is the human task for the Results lens?
Ideal Goals
What is the human task for the Results lens?
Ideal Goals
What is the human task for the Results lens?
Ideal Goals
What are the foundational values of the Results lens?
prudence and respect for self and others
What are the foundational values of the Results lens?
prudence and respect for self and others
What are the foundational values of the Results lens?
prudence and respect for self and others
What are the hubris and crises of Results?
expedience and failure
What are the hubris and crises of Results?
expedience and failure
What are the hubris and crises of Results?
expedience and failure
What question does the vantage point of intention ask for the Results lens?
What do I want?
What question does the vantage point of intention ask for the Results lens?
What do I want?
What question does the vantage point of intention ask for the Results lens?
What do I want?
What are the questions that the Relationship lens asks when they evaluate from the vantage point of intention?
What are the basic liberties to which every member of the community is entitled? Does this option meet the requirements of the: Just savings principle? Does this option arrange the social & economic inequalities so that they are attached to offices and positions that are open to all under conditions of fair equality of opportunity? Does this option arrange the social and economic inequalities so that they are to the greatest benefit to the least advantaged?