Chapters 4-6, 6th Edition Flashcards
(21 cards)
True or False? The initially identified outbreak of Legionnaires’ Disease occurred in 1976 in Denver.
False
A county may normally record only a few cases of hepatitis each year, this represents the ________ (2 words), the background level in a population.
endemic level
True or False? Except for the clear link between smoking and lung cancer, most chronic diseases cannot be attributed to a single cause.
True
Epidemiology is used to perform what function of public health?
Assessment
The first epidemiological study of a chronic disease
Framingham Heart Study
Included 5000 children and the spouses of the original participants of the Framingham Heart Study
Framingham offspring study
Instituted in 1994 and included a more diverse sampling of Framingham residents
Omni cohort
Added in 2002 and enrolled grandchildren of the original participant of the Framingham Heart study
Third generation study
The physicians health study looked at prevention of both cancer and _______ disease.
heart
Group that is exposed to the intervention
Case group
Group the it not exposed tot the intervention
Control group
Inactive substance similar in appearance to the drug or vaccine being tested
Placebo
Neither the patient nor the doctor are aware who is receiving the treatment
Double blind
Information on the distribution of disease gives clues about the ______ of disease.
Determinants
In defining a disease to be studied, epidemiologists use the term “disease” broadly; _____________ (2 words) is a more accurate but cumbersome description of what is to be studied.
Health outcome
When calculating the rate of a disease, which is the following is generally the denominator of the calculation?
Population at risk
Most epidemiologic studies are ________ and have little potential for harm.
Observational
True or False? Epidemiologic evidence is more convincing if there is a known biological explanation for an association between an exposure and a disease.
True
True or false? It is unrealistic to expect to succeed at a randomized controlled trial that requires people to alter their behavior over a significant period of time.
True
True or False? If a hospital will receive more government grants should a study show that a therapy invented at that hospital helps cure AIDS, that hospital would have a conflict of interest in doing such a study.
True
True or False? The more widely a therapy is already used, the easier it is to do a randomized controlled study.
False
