Chapters 8-11 (1200-1450 Africa, Europe, and the Americas) Flashcards
What was the form of organization in African civilization that lacked concentrated power and was organized by kinship?
Stateless societies
The belief in natural forces personified as spirits or gods
Animism
Below the Saharan Desert
Sub-saharan
Grassland belt at the southern edge of the Sahara
Sahel
The three Sudanic states
Ghana, Mali, and Songhay
Across the Saharan Desert
Trans-saharan
The political organization where land was traded for loyalty; it created a decentralized political structure.
Feudalism
The social organization where serfs were bound to the land owned by a lord in who controlled the area from a manor.
Manorialism
1215-A new political reform that states that the rights of a man override the claims of the king
Magna Carta
Following the creation of the Magna Carta, the concept of a body of representatives who consult with the king.
Parliaments
The principle of separation of state from religious institutions.
Secularism
A business in which private owners were of greater value than the state in terms of banking. Where big merchants could invest to make a profit on goods but caused the prices to be unjust.
Capitalism
Groups of people in the same business oversee trade in the city by guaranteeing the quality of goods and then setting the just price.
Guilds
The 7 clans in Aztec Social structure started as kinship groups but grew into a more broad organization, including groups of neighbors, allies, and dependants
Calpulli
The system in which the political power of a former Inca goes to his successor but, the materialistic belongings and wealth/land is inherited by his male descendants.
Split-inheritance
