Characteristic Features of Marasmus and Kwashiorkor

Question 1

maramus - age

Answer 1

children less than 2 y/o

Question 2

kwashiorkor - age

Answer 2

IYC 1-3 y/o

Question 3

kwashiorkor - main cause

Answer 3

occurs after breastfeeding stops and child is weaned into a starchy diet

Question 4

marasmus - main cause

Answer 4

inadequate breastfeeding or diluted milk formula

Question 5

essential features of marasmus and kwashiorkor

Answer 5

edema, wasting, muscle wasting, growth retardation in terms of body wt., mental changes

Question 6

marasmus - edema

Answer 6

none

Question 7

kwashiorkor - edema

Answer 7

lower legs, sometimes face, or generalized (most distinguished features)

Question 8

marasmus - wasting

Answer 8

gross loss of subcutaneous fat, all skin and bones (most distinguished features)

Question 9

kwashiorkor - wasting

Answer 9

less obvious; sometimes fat, blubbery

Question 10

marasmus - muscle wasting

Answer 10

severe (most distinguished features)

Question 11

kwashiorkor - muscle wasting

Question 12

marasmus - appetite

Answer 12

usually good

Question 13

kwashiorkor - growth retardation in terms of body wt.

Answer 13

less than in marasmus

Question 14

marasmus - growth retardation in terms of body wt.

Answer 14

severe

Question 15

kwashiorkor - muscle wasting

Answer 15

sometimes

Question 16

kwashiorkor - mental changes

Answer 16

usually irritable, moaning apathetic

Question 17

marasmus - mental changes

Answer 17

usually apathetic, quiet

Question 18

marasmus - hair changes

Answer 18

texture may be modified but usually no dyspigmentation

Question 19

variable features of marasmus and kwashiorkor

Answer 19

appetite, diarrhea, skin changes, hair changes, moon face, hepatic enlargement

Question 20

marasmus - diarrhea

Answer 20

often (past or present)

Question 21

kwashiorkor - appetite

Answer 21

usually poor

Question 22

marasmus - skin changes

Answer 22

usually none

Question 23

kwashiorkor - skin changes

Answer 23

often, diffuse pigmentation; occasional, “flaky paint”, or “enamel” dermatosis

Question 24

kwashiorkor - diarrhea

Answer 24

often (past or present)

Question 25

marasmus - moon face

Answer 25

none

Question 26

kwashiorkor - moon face

Answer 26

often

Question 27

kwashiorkor - hair changes

Answer 27

often sparse - straight and silky, dyspigmentation - grayish or reddish

Question 28

marasmus - hepatic enlargement

Answer 28

none

Question 29

kwashiorkor - hepatic enlargement

Answer 29

frequent, although it is not observed in some areas

Question 30

biochemistry pathology of marasmus and kwashiorkor

Answer 30

serum albumin, urinary urea per g of creatinine, urinary hydroxyproline index, serum-free amino acid ration, anemia, liver biopsy

Question 31

marasmus - serum albumin

Answer 31

normal or slightly decreased

Question 32

kwashiorkor - serum albumin

Answer 32

low (most useful distinguishing features)

Question 33

marasmus - urinary urea per g of creatinine

Answer 33

normal or decreased

Question 34

kwashiorkor - urinary urea per g of creatinine

Answer 34

low (most useful distinguishing features)

Question 35

marasmus - urinary hydroxyproline index

Answer 35

normal

Question 36

kwashiorkor - urinary hydroxyproline index

Answer 36

low

Question 37

marasmus - anemia

Answer 37

may be observed

Question 38

kwashiorkor - anemia

Answer 38

common, iron and folate deficiency may be associated

Question 39

kwashiorkor - liver biopsy

Answer 39

fatty infiltration (most useful distinguishing features)

Question 40

marasmus - liver biopsy

Answer 40

normal or atrophic (most useful distinguishing features)