Characteristics

Question 1

Plantae

Answer 1

• multicellular and eukaryotic
• autotrophic
• have chloroplasts, cell wall, etc.

Question 2

Animalia

Answer 2

• multicellular and eukaryotic
• heterotrophic
• ribosomes, nucleus, mitochondria, etc

Question 3

fungi

Answer 3

• multicellular and eukaryotic
• saprophytic
• lipid body, cell wall, produce spores, etc

Question 4

protista

Answer 4

• multi/unicellular and eukaryotic
• heterotrophic and autotrophic
• contractile vacuole, flagellum, cilia, etc

Question 5

bacteria

Answer 5

• prokaryotic and unicellular
• mainly heterotrophic, can be parasitic, autotrophic, or parasitic.
• cocci, bacilli and spirilla
• diplo, strepto, and staphylo

Question 6

archaea

Answer 6

• prokaryotic and unicellular
• either saprophytic or autotrophic
• special lipids, fatty substances, enzymes, etc

Question 7

viruses

Answer 7

• abiotic
• no processes -> are parasites
• DNA/RNA strands, caspids, envelopes, and tails.

Question 8

methanogens (archaebacteria)

Answer 8

• produce methane
• found in non-oxygenated areas (swamps)
• use CO2, nitrogen gas, or hydrogen sulphide as energy (autotrophic)

Question 9

halophiles (archaebacteria)

Answer 9

• salt-loving (grow best in salt pools)

Question 10

Thermoacidophiles (archaebacteria)

Answer 10

• heat-loving (volcanoes)

- use sulfur as energy source

Question 11

Eubacteria (bacteria)

Answer 11

• cell wall compositions vary (thick/thin)
• can reproduce asexually w/ binary fission and sexually with conjunction.
• saprophytic

Question 12

Protozoa (protista)

Answer 12

• animal-like
• heterotrophic
• mainly single-celled
• lack cell walls

Question 13

fallegates (protozoa)

Answer 13

• zoomastigma
• have many flagella
• parasitic or symbiotic

Question 14

Sacrodines (protozoa)

Answer 14

• sacrodina
• pseudopodia engulfs prey + helps move
• no cell walls
• free living, parasitic, or symbiotic

Question 15

ciliates (protozoa)

Answer 15

• ciliphora
• use cili to move and feed
• 2 nuclei (macro and micro)
• vacuole intestine food and contractile vacuole regulating water balance
• free living, parasitic, or symbiotic

Question 16

sporozoans (protozoa)

Answer 16

• sporozoa
• form spores (sporozoites)
• parasitic
• cause of Malaria (enlarged spleen, fever, chills, and people die from low iron or anemia)

Question 17

Algae (protista)

Answer 17

• plant-like
• chlorophyll-containing, no leaves or roots
• autotrophic

Question 18

Green algae (algae)

Answer 18

• chlorophytes
• most plant-like (colour, cellulose, and store food using starch)
• autotrophic
• multi/unicellular

Question 19

brown algae (algae)

Answer 19

• phaeophytes
• mostly multicellular
• alginic cell wall
• in cold water
• made underwater kelp forests

Question 20

red algae (algae)

Answer 20

• rhodophytes
• multicellular
• coralline cell walls letting them grow at deep levels
• in warm water

Question 21

diatoms (algae)

Answer 21

• chrysophytes
• unicellular
• give oxygen to atmosphere
• silica made cell walls
• each is smaller than before until sexual reproduction

Question 22

dinoflagellates (algae)

Answer 22

• pyyrophytes
• unicellular
• bioluminescent
• some autotrophic and parasitic
• cause red algae blooms which poison fish

Question 23

euglenoids (algae)

Answer 23

• euglonophytes
• unicellular freshwater organisms
• have 2 flagellates (one bigger than other)
• heterotrophic (can be mixotrophic)

Question 24

Moulds (protista)

Answer 24

• form spores like fungi
• glide and ingest food like animals
• have cell walls like plants

Question 25

plasmodial slime moulds (moulds)

Answer 25

``` - *myxomycetes* slug-like and creep over decaying matter - have many nuclei - engulf food into cytoplasm - contain sporangia allowing nuclear division and survival ```

Question 26

cellular slime moulds (moulds)

Answer 26

- *acrasiomycetes* - one nucleus and single ameboid - ingest yeast and bacteria - spores fuse to continue life cycle

Question 27

water slime moulds (moulds)

Answer 27

- *oomycetes* - water moulds, white rises, and downy mildews - saprophytic or parasitic - differ from fungi protists b/c of their spores and sexual life cycle

Question 28

chritridiomycota (fungi)

Answer 28

- flagellated spores | - some saprophytic or parasitic

Question 29

basidiomycota (fungi)

Answer 29

- spores in clubs | - can damage crops i.e. lawn mushrooms

Question 30

ascomycota (fungi)

Answer 30

- spores in saci - saprophytic or parasitic - largest group

Question 31

zygomycota (fungi)

Answer 31

- zygospores/pin fungi - saprophytic or parasitic - make zygotes - sexually reproduce in bad conditions - i.e. bread molecules