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Question 1

Politics

Answer 1

the making of authoritative public choices from private choices, who gets what, when and how.

Question 2

Comparative Politics

Answer 2

the systematic search for answers to political questions about how people around the world make and contest authoritative public choices

Question 3

Hypothesis

Answer 3

an argument linking cause to effect

Question 4

Falsifiable

Answer 4

the possibility that a hypothesized relationship can be shown to be incorrect

Question 5

Comparative method

Answer 5

a way to examine patterns of facts or events to narrow down what is important in terms of building a convincing comparative politics argument

Question 6

Method Agreement

Answer 6

compares and contrast cases with different attributes but shared outcomes, seeking the one attribute these cases share in common to attribute causality

Question 7

Method of Difference

Answer 7

compares and contrasts cases with the same attributes but different outcomes, and determines causality by finding an attribute that is present when an outcome occurs but that is absent in similar cases when the outcome does not occur.

Question 8

Correlation

Answer 8

a measure of observed association between two variables

Question 9

Causation

Answer 9

a process or event that produces an observable effect

Question 10

Quantitative Research

Answer 10

relies on statistical data to assess relationship between attributes and outcomes, analyzing those data using computers. Emphasizes breadth over depth

Question 11

Qualitative Research

Answer 11

focuses on an in-depth understanding of attributes and outcomes. Privileges depth over breadth.

Question 12

Mixed methods research

Answer 12

uses both quantitative and qualitative methods in an effort to build convincing claims about the relationship between attributes and outcomes.

Question 13

Sovereignty

Answer 13

Responsibility for international affairs; the ability to use physical force within borders

Question 14

Failed State

Answer 14

lost sovereignty, collapsed, not properly established government (State fails when gov can’t unite individual interests in security and civil peace)

Question 15

Legitimacy

Answer 15

Citizens acceptance of state’s sovereignty and how effective a state is

Question 16

Collective Action Problem

Answer 16

A situation wherein each individual has private incentives not to participate in an action that benefits all members of the group. (Clash between individual and collective interests)

Question 17

State of nature

Answer 17

Term coined by Thomas Hobbes to describe an imaginary time before human beings organized into governments or states for the collective good.

Question 18

Predatory Perspective

Answer 18

State uses power to extract resources. State serves as a protection racket (pay for protection)

Question 19

Government

Answer 19

Concrete organization that has authority of state

Question 20

Nation

Answer 20

Form of political identity, associate with others that are similar (State and Nation CAN overlap; nation state

Question 21

Nationalism

Answer 21

Identification with a nation, an identity

Question 22

Society

Answer 22

Diverse forms of voluntary collective action outside of state action (usually interest/identity organizations)

Question 23

Stateless Society

Answer 23

Has no official authority (no gov)

Question 24

weberian definition of state

Answer 24

human community monopoly off legitimate use of physical force, given territory

Question 25

Tilly definition of state

Answer 25

War made the state, and the state made war.\

Question 26

North definition of state

Answer 26

economist, power to tax

Question 27

Samuels textbook definition

Answer 27

geographic territory, sovereignty

Question 28

Levi definition of state

Answer 28

quasi voluntary compliance, paying taxes because you believe you get something out of it

Question 29

Laswell definition of state

Answer 29

“who gets what when where and how

Question 30

Locke definition of state

Answer 30

equal people are inherently self sufficient and will not seek to harm one another. State provides resources and infrastructure for an otherwise self-sufficient (peaceful) society.

Question 31

Rousseau/ Montesquieu definition of state

Answer 31

Correlation is Not Causation

Question 32

Hobbes definition of state

Answer 32

consent to be coerced, believed force should only be used to uphold individual freedoms because threat of violence not moral qualms gets people to do things

Question 33

Radical feminism

Answer 33

the state operates with a patriarchal structure with a goal of keeping all women everywhere oppressed Criticisms: lack of intersectionality, implies feminists cannot achieve any social change over time

Question 34

Marxist radical feminism

Answer 34

the state operates with a patriarchal/capitalist structure with a goal of keeping all women everywhere oppressed

Question 35

Liberal feminist theory

Answer 35

women can overcome male dominance by entering state institutions in large number (power wipes out sex) Criticism: based on the assumption all women are committed to gender equality

Question 36

The Nordic feminist theory

Answer 36

state social policy is seen as a way to empower women and potentially institutionalize gender equality (the welfare state) criticism theory over emphasizes social rights (access to paid employment) at an expense of women’s civil rights (violence against women), still have reliance on someone, I.E. women as the object

Question 37

Post Culturistic/discursive approach

Answer 37

States cannot be overtly patriarchal but institutions of the state are influenced by patriarchal culture Criticism: makes the state seem overly complex

Question 38

The feminist instituionalist approach

Answer 38

Gender norms have become embedded into state institutions

Question 39

Governance

Answer 39

changing structures of government, market relations, and process of governing

Question 40

Regime

Answer 40

complete change of political theory (authoritarian-> democracy)

Question 41

State vs. government

Answer 41

government is concrete organizations while the state is an abstract theory

Question 42

Nation vs. state

Answer 42

nation is a cultural grouping of people vs. state is the abstract theory of how people form socially productive communities

Question 43

Government vs. nation

Answer 43

concrete political organizations vs. a cultural group of people (one nation can be apart of different governments)

Question 44

Early state formation was triggered by...

Answer 44

war preparations, competition over territory, tax extradition

Question 45

Economic context

Answer 45

the growth of industry, trade and commerce gave rise to a new class of urban merchants who wanted security and profitability

Question 46

Military context

Answer 46

changes in military technology created a need for increased defense spending so centralized taxation was necessary

Question 47

The Cultural Identity Context

Answer 47

Protestasnt reformation and age of enlightenment led to challenge of legitimacy of religious rulers

Question 48

redictor for political centralization and industrial complexity

Answer 48

population boom