chat gpt

Question 1

Beck’s Triad

Answer 1

Hypotension, JVD, muffled heart sounds

Question 2

Cardiac Tamponade Treatment

Answer 2

Pericardiocentesis or just fluid if shocked

Question 3

Cardiac Tamponade ECG

Answer 3

Electrical alternans

Question 4

Acute Pericarditis Causes

Answer 4

Idiopathic (most common; presumed viral), confirmed infx (Coxsackie), neoplasia, autoimmune (SLE, RA), uremia, CV (acute STEMI, Dressler syndrome), radiation therapy

Question 5

Acute Pericarditis Treatment

Answer 5

NSAIDs and colchicine (antiinflammatory)

Question 6

Troponin Timeline

Answer 6

Rise 3-12 h, peak 24-48 h, normal 5-14 d

Question 7

CKMB Timeline

Answer 7

Return to baseline in 48-72h. Good for reinfarction detection

Question 8

STEMI <120m

Answer 8

Coronary angiography&raquo_space; balloon angioplasty&raquo_space; stent placement* if significant (>50%) without STEMI

Question 9

Discharge STEMI with…

Answer 9

DAPT - Aspirin lifelong + P2Y12i for 12m, Atorvastatin lifelong, BB, ACEi, Aldosterone (if HFeEF)

Question 10

MI Complications

Answer 10

VF, fibrinous pericarditis, ACUTE MITRAL REGURGITATION, rupture, Dressler syndrome

Question 11

Unstable Angina

Answer 11

Chest pain at rest or chest pain of increasing frequency, >20min, considered ACS, may have T-wave inversion

Question 12

Cardiac-Sounding Chest Pain

Answer 12

Troponin at 3h, <12ng/L ACS unlikely=cardiologist outpatient, >30ng/L= treat ACS

Question 13

Other 5 Causes for Raised Troponin

Answer 13

CKD, sepsis, myocarditis, Ao dissection, pulmonary oedema

Question 14

CHF Treatment

Answer 14

ACEi/ARB, BB, spironolactone, loop diuretic, digoxin if severe + AF

Question 15

Infective Endocarditis Causes

Answer 15

Streptococcus viridans, S. aureus in IVDU

Question 16

Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis

Answer 16

Echocardiogram + positive blood cultures, or one + minor criteria

Question 17

Bradycardia with Regular PR and Sudden QRS Drop

Answer 17

Mobitz II = temporary pacing

Question 18

Rate Control in AF

Answer 18

Metoprolol, atenolol, bisoprolol (cardioselective BB)

Question 19

BB Side Effects

Answer 19

Exacerbates asthma, COPD, AV block

Question 20

Before Start Amiodarone

Answer 20

Order TFT, LFT, UE, echo, CXR

Question 21

QT Prolongation Causes

Answer 21

Hypo mg, k, ca, thermia, Antidepressants, antipsychotics, ABX

Question 22

QT Prolongation Definition

Answer 22

QT > 50% of RR, 440ms (men), 460ms (women)

Question 23

Short QT Causes

Answer 23

Hyperkalaemia, digoxin effect, congenital

Question 24

LBBB Criteria

Answer 24

QRS> 120ms, Left-sided axis deviation, Dominant S wave in V1, Broad monophasic R wave in lateral leads + T-wave inversion

Question 25

AF Rhythm Control

Answer 25

Unstable <48h: DCC, IV UFH, >48h: DCC, TOE + IV UFH, Stable >48h: DCC, AC for 4wk

Question 26

CHAD2VASC2

Answer 26

<65y and no comorbidity= No AC, >65y female= AC, >65y men + HPN or DM= AC, >75y regardless gender= AC

Question 27

CHADVASC Score Use

Answer 27

Estimate the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) or atrial flutter

Question 28

Secondary Prevention After Stroke/TIA with AF

Answer 28

Warfarin or DOAC

Question 29

Disabling Ischemic Stroke Management

Answer 29

DAPT for 10-21 days, then clopidogrel or aspirin + dipyridamole, if cardioembolic: DOAC after ~14 days