CHATPER 1 TERMINOLOGY

Question 1

voiced

Answer 1

of a sound, articulated with the vocal folds vibrating in the phonation process

Example: [d]

Question 2

voiceless

Answer 2

of a sound, articulated with the vocal folds apart in the phonation process

Example: [t]

Question 3

vocal tract

Answer 3

the air passages above the larynx

Question 4

airstream process

Answer 4

all the ways of pushing air out and sucking air in that provide the power for speech.

related to the respiratory system.

Question 5

phonation process

Answer 5

the action of the vocal folds (vibrating or apart)

Question 6

oro-nasal process

Answer 6

raising or lowering of the velum to determine whether air goes out of the mouth or the nose

Question 7

articulatory process

Answer 7

movements of the tongue and lips interacting with the roof of the mouth and pharynx

Question 8

alveolar ridge

Answer 8

a small protuberance just behind the upper teeth that you can feel with the tip of your tongue

Question 9

hard palate

Answer 9

the front part of the roof of the mouth that is formed by a bony structure

Question 10

soft palate / velum

Answer 10

a muscular flap that can be pressed against the back wall of the pharynx and prevent air from going through the nose

Question 11

velic closure

Answer 11

action that separates the nasal tract from the oral tract so air can only go out through the mouth

Example: difference between [b] and [m] - [b] involves velic closure because the sounds have the same place, manner of articulation and voicing

Question 12

pharynx

Answer 12

the parts of the vocal tract between the uvula and larynx

Question 13

uvula

Answer 13

small appendage hanging down off the back of the soft palate

Question 14

lip

Answer 14

articulators that are fleshy structures that form the upper and lower external anatomy of the mouth, articulators in labial sounds

Example: labial articulation = describes articulation that uses the lips

Question 15

tip (of tongue)

Answer 15

part of the tongue located infront of the blade of the tongue

Example: articulator in apical sounds

Question 16

blade (of tongue)

Answer 16

located in front of the front of the tongue

Example: articulator in laminal sounds

Question 17

front (of tongue)

Answer 17

part of the tongue located behind the blade of the tongue

Question 18

center (of tongue)

Answer 18

part of the tongue located half beneath the soft palate and half beneath the hard palate

Question 19

back (of tongue)

Answer 19

part of the tongue located beneath the soft palate

Question 20

epiglottis

Answer 20

attached to the lower part of the root of the tongue

Question 21

labial

Answer 21

describes speech gestures involving the lips as an active articulator

E.g. bilabial, labiodental sounds

Question 22

coronal

Answer 22

describes speech gestures involving the tip or blade of the tongue as an active articulator

E.g. dental/interdental, alveolar, retroflex sounds

Question 23

dorsal

Answer 23

describes speech gestures involving the back of the tongue

Question 24

bilabial

Answer 24

describes speech gestures made with two lips

Question 25

labiodental

Answer 25

describes speech gestures made with the lower lip and upper front teeth

Question 26

dental

Answer 26

describes speech gestures made with the tip or blade of the tongue and upper front teeth

Question 27

interdental

Answer 27

describes speech sounds made with the tongue protruding through the upper front teeth

Question 28

alveolar

Answer 28

describes speech sounds made by contact of the tongue tip / blade with the alveolar ridge

Question 29

retroflex

Answer 29

describes speech sounds made by contact of the tongue TIP with the BACK OF THE alveolar ridge

Question 30

postalveolar

Answer 30

describes speech sounds made by contact of the tongue BLADE with the BACK of the alveolar ridge

Question 31

palatal

Answer 31

describes speech sounds made by contact of the front of the tongue with the hard palate

Question 32

velar

Answer 32

describes speech sounds made by contact of the back of the tongue with the soft palate