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CHD Flashcards

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0
Q

Side effects of indomethecin

A 
Decreased renal function
Hyponatremia
Hyperkalemia
Hypoglycemia
Plt dysfunction/ thrombocytopenia 
GI bleed/NEC
High BP
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1
Q

Side effects of PGE

A 
Fever
Apnea
Flushing
Hypotension
Tachy or bradycardia
Seizures
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2
Q

Right aortic arch

A

Echo

Angio

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3
Q

How do you manage severe PS?

A

PGE

Valvuloplasty

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4
Q

What cardiac lesions are associated with noonan syndrome?

A

Pulmonary stenosis
HOCM
ASD

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5
Q

Reasons for hypoxia post valvuloplasty?

A

RV hypertrophied
Inadequate valvuloplasty
Rv systolic dysfunction
Tricuspid regurg

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6
Q

what cardiac lesion are associated with phenytoin use?

A

ASD
VSD
TOF

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7
Q

what CH lesion is associate with Lithium use?

A

ebstein’s anomaly-displacement of the tricuspid valve towards the apex of the right ventricle

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8
Q

what is the most common cyanotic heart lesion

A

TOF

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9
Q

what can give you a wide pulse pressure

A

PDA
truncus arteriosus
aortic insufficiency
intravascular volume depletion

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10
Q

what can give you a narrow pulse pressure

A

pericardial tamponade
aortic stenosis
heart failure

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11
Q

how do you calculate the pulse pressure

A

sBP - dBP = Normal if less than 50
or
1/2 sBP whichever is less

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12
Q

what cardiac manifestation would you expect in

  1. TS
  2. NF
A
  1. Cardiac rhabdomyoma

2. pulmonary stenosis and CoA

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13
Q

what cardiac manifestation would you expect with Marfan Syndrome

A

aortic and mitral insufficiency - aortic regur, mitral prolapse
aortic root dilation
dissection

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14
Q

cardiac lesion for Digeorge

A

conotruncal - TOF, PA, TA, TGA

aortic arch anomalies

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15
Q

Cardiac lesion for VACTERL

A

VSD

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16
Q

Cardiac lesion for CHARGE

A

TOF
aortic arch
conotruncal issues

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17
Q

Cardiac lesion for congenital rubella

A

PDA
periph pulm stenosis
mitral regurg

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18
Q

Cardiac lesion for Turner’s

A

CoA

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19
Q

Cardiac lesion in Williams

A

supravalvular aortic stenosis

periph pulmonary artery stenosis

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20
Q

Which trisomy will have VSD, ASD, PDA and possible dextrocardia?

A

T13

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21
Q

what is an S4 associated with

A

found in late diastole
always abnormal
implies decreased ventricular compliance

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22
Q

what can give you a mid-systolic click

A

MVP

lesion sounds louder post valsalva

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23
Q

what lesions can give and ejection click

A

AS

PS

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24
what are causes of continuous murmur?
PDA venous hum CoA with collaterals
25
Still's M
1. Vibratory 2. LLSB 3. Grade I-III 4. Decreases in upricght 5. Age - 3-7
26
Venous Hum M
1. Continuous M 2. infraclavicular 3. Worse if standing 4. Change intensity wit neck move 5. I-III 6. 3-6 yrs
27
boot shaped heart?
TOF
28
peripheral pulmonary stenosis features
1. newborn to 6 mo 2. axilla and back/LUSB 3. low pitch 4. grade 1-2
29
egg on a string
TGA
30
Snowman
TAPVR
31
what are the features of TOF
``` PROVe Pulmonary stenosis RVH Overriding aorta VSD ```
32
what types of shunting will give you increased pulm vascularity on CXR?
TGA Truncus TAPVR ``` (VSD ASD PDA PS Coarctation Left to Right) ```
33
TET spell mgnt
1. knees to chest 2. O2 3. Fluid - 10cc/kg 4. Morphine - 0.1 mg - 5. Propranolol - dec HR and contractility 6. Phenylephrine - alpha agonist - inc SVR 7. Bicarb to correct acidosis 8. I+V and sedation
34
what is the MC lesion to present in the newborn?
TGA
35
what shunt will give DECREASED pulm vasc on CXR?
TOF tricuspid atresia Ebstein usually right to left shunts
36
neonate with cyanosis and resp distress?
TGA
37
If you find low pre-ductal sats and high post ductal sats, what lesion could this be?
TGA
38
How do you manage TGA initially
1. PGE 2. Keep stats > 60% 3. If not enough - Balloon atrial septostomy 4. Atrial switch and coronary re-implantation between 2-4 week. Can be later if have VSD
39
which cyanotic lesions tends to present without a murmur?
TGA Tricuspic Atresia TAPVR
40
what lesions need a PDA or VSD or ASD to survive
TGA | TA
41
what lesions needs 2 septal defects for survival?
Tricuspid atresia ASD - R to L VSD - L to right
42
what are the 2 types of complete vascular rings?
1. double aortic arch 2. right aortic arch with persistent ligamentum arteriosum both have right sided aortic arch wich can help with Dx
44
what CHD with present at a few hours of life with cyanosis but no resp distress?
``` RIGHT HEART OBSTRUCTION TOF pulmonary atresia ebsteins Tricuspid atresia ```
45
what lesions will give you increased pulmonary markings
``` VSD ASD PDA +/-PS TGA truncus TAPVR HLHS ```
46
what lesions can be heard from the back?
pulmonary stenosis PDA coarctation
47
what sats are expected post BT shunt and post Norwood
75-85%
48
who gets a Norwood?
Left hypoplastic heart syndrome
49
who gets a BT shunt
lesions with inadequate pulmonary blood flow
50
who gets pulmonary artery band?
for single ventricles
51
what are the expected sats post Fontan?
> 90%
52
what are cyanotic congenital heart disease. 6 T's and 2 As
``` TGA TOF truncus arteriosus tricuspid atresia TAPVC Tingle ventricle ``` pulm Atresia Ebsteins Anomaly
53
what CHD will have higher sats in left toe than right arm?
TGA
54
What CHD will have LVH?
``` Pulmonary atresia tricuspid atresia VSD AS Coartation ```
55
what CHD will have RVH?
TOF TGA TAPVR hypoplastic L ASD PS VSD if mode to large
56
what are 4 resp causes for neonatal cyanosis?
``` MAS PPHN pneumothorax pneumonia CDH ```
57
what cyanotic heart lesion has BL hypertrophy
truncus arteriosus
58
infant of DM, what are the cardiac lesions
D TGA VSD AS
59
what lesions are associated with right aortic arch
TOF Truncus single ventricle
60
what lesions will cause CHF at 6 weeks
VSF AV canal PDA Coarctation
61
how to distinguish SVT
``` sudden onset and termination HR. 180 no variability in HR Fixed RR abnormal or no P waves ```
62
what are 2 SVT mechanisms
WPW | AV nodal re-entry
63
what are causes of a wide QRS
VT myocarditis cardiomyopathy PVC

Cardiology (3 decks)

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