chem Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is a pure substance?
All particles are the same
Pure substances consist of only one type of particle.
What is a mixture?
Contains different particles
Mixtures can be composed of various substances that retain their individual properties.
Define an element in terms of chemistry.
Substance made of only one atom
Elements are the simplest substances and cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
What is a compound?
Substance made from different types of atoms joined together
Compounds have unique properties that differ from the individual elements that compose them.
What do you need to consider when drawing an element?
Shells
Shells represent the energy levels where electrons are found around the nucleus of an atom.
What is the process of balancing elements in a chemical reaction?
Add another of the same element until they become balanced
Balancing ensures that the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides of the equation.
What is the formula for potassium sulfide?
K2S
In potassium sulfide, two potassium atoms combine with one sulfur atom.
What does pH measure in substances?
How easily a substance loses hydrogen ion
pH levels indicate the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
What type of substances do acids start with?
H
Acids typically contain hydrogen ions.
What type of substances do bases end with?
O
Alkalis are a subset of bases that specifically end in OH.
What happens when an acid and a base combine?
They become neutral
Neutralization reactions typically produce water and a salt.
List three types of bases that can neutralize acids.
- Metal oxide
- Metal carbonates
- Metal hydroxide
These bases can react with acids to form salts and water.
Fill in the blank: A __________ is anything that doesn’t fit the pattern of acids or bases.
Salt
Salts are products of acid-base reactions and have distinct properties.
