Chem

Question 1

property that does not depend on the quantity of mass present

ex: color

Answer 1

intensive property

Question 2

What are some common examples of intensive properties?

Answer 2

Temperature, pressure, density, specific heat capacity, boiling point, melting point, and refractive index.

Question 3

Is mass an intensive or extensive property?

Answer 3

Extensive – because it depends on the amount of substance present.

Question 4

Is density an intensive or extensive property?

Answer 4

Intensive – because it stays the same regardless of the amount of substance.

Question 5

Why is boiling point an intensive property?

Answer 5

Because a substance will always boil at the same temperature under the same conditions, no matter how much of it is present.

Question 6

Does increasing the amount of a substance change its intensive properties?

Answer 6

No, intensive properties remain the same no matter how much substance you have.

Question 7

Is specific heat capacity (Cv or Cp) an intensive property?

Answer 7

Yes, because it is measured per unit mass or mole, making it independent of the total amount of substance.

Question 8

What is an extensive property?

Answer 8

An extensive property is a physical property that depends on the amount of substance present.

Question 9

What are some examples of extensive properties?

Answer 9

Mass, volume, total energy, total heat capacity, internal energy, and Gibbs free energy.

Question 10

Why is volume an extensive property?

Answer 10

Because the more substance you have, the more space it occupies.

Question 11

What happens to an extensive property if the amount of substance is doubled?

Answer 11

It also doubles because it depends on the quantity of the substance.

Question 12

a high-energy state of matter where atoms lose their electrons, creating a mix of positively charged ions and free electrons.

Answer 12

Plasma

Question 13

Plasma forms when a gas is heated to very high temperatures or exposed to a strong electromagnetic field, causing the atoms to lose electrons. This process is called

Answer 13

ionization

Question 14

5th state of matter

Answer 14

Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC)

Question 15

It happens when a group of atoms is cooled down to extremely low temperatures, close to absolute zero (-273.15°C or -459.67°F).

At this point, the atoms stop behaving like individual particles and instead act as one big “super-atom.” They lose their separate identities and move together in a wave-like manner.

Answer 15

Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC)

Question 16

6th state of matter

Answer 16

Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP).

Question 17

It’s an extremely hot and high-energy state of matter where quarks and gluons, the building blocks of protons and neutrons, are free and not bound together like in normal atoms.

Answer 17

Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP).

Question 18

It likely existed just microseconds after the Big Bang, before atoms were formed.

Answer 18

Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP).

Question 19

7th state of matter

Answer 19

fermionic condensate

Question 20

8th state of matter

Answer 20

Superionic Ice

Question 21

combination of two or more pure substances

Answer 21

mixture

Question 22

substance that has a fixed chemical composition

Answer 22

pure substance

Question 23

substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means

Answer 23

element

Question 24

two or more elements

Answer 24

compound

Question 25

method used to separate a liquid from a solid or two immiscible (non-mixing) liquids by carefully pouring out the top layer, leaving the heavier substance behind.

Answer 25

Decantation

Question 26

a process used to separate substances of different densities by spinning them really fast in a machine called a centrifuge.

Answer 26

Centrifugation

Question 27

a method used to separate liquids based on their boiling points by heating a mixture, collecting the vapor, and cooling it back into liquid form.

Answer 27

Distillation

Question 28

a method used to separate different substances in a mixture based on how they move through a special material When you put a marker’s ink on wet paper, the colors spread out.

Answer 28

Chromatography

Question 29

believe that matter is composed of very small, indivisible particles, known as atomos

Answer 29

democritus

Question 30

all matter is composed of indivisible atoms

Answer 30

john dalton

Question 31

states that a chemical compound always contains the same elements in the same fixed ratio by mass, no matter how it is made or where it comes from.

Answer 31

Law of Definite Proportions

Question 32

Water (H₂O) always has 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom. No matter where you get the water (ocean, rain, or a lab), it will always be 88.89% oxygen and 11.11% hydrogen by mass.

Answer 32

Law of Definite Proportions

Question 33

states that when two elements combine to form more than one compound, the ratio of the masses of one element that combines with a fixed mass of the other element is always a small whole number.

Answer 33

Law of Multiple Proportions

Question 34

Carbon and oxygen can form two different compounds: Carbon monoxide (CO) → 12g of carbon combines with 16g of oxygen. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) → 12g of carbon combines with 32g of oxygen. The oxygen ratio in these compounds is 32:16 = 2:1, which is a simple whole number (2).

Answer 34

Law of Multiple Proportions

Question 35

led to the discovery of the electron

Answer 35

cathode ray experiment