chem '25 Flashcards
(21 cards)
what and where is the nucleus?
the nucleus is at the center of each atom it is a tight dense bundle of protons and nutreons. protons are positive and nutreons are neutral
what is the electronic configuration?
electrons are attracted to the necleus when filled the atom is at its lowest energy this is called group state
what are electronic shells?
it is when electrons revolve around the nucleus in a specific circular path known as orbit
what are elements?
elements are the building blocks of life elements are made up of atoms there is 118 elements 26 are human made compounds are not pure elements majority of things
on earth are not pure elements.
what is the atomic number?
The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom The heavier an atom is the more unstable and the more radio active is
what is the perodic table?
The periodic table is a list of all known elements they are is order of increasing atomic numbers they are in rows which are called periods and columns called groups
what are atoms?
atoms make up all substances they cant be seen through a microscope they can only be seen through an STM
what are atoms made up of?
atoms are made up of protons, neutrons and electrons neutrons are the heaviest electrons are the lightest protons are positive and electrons are negative
what are isotopes?
isotope elements belong with the same number of protons and atomic number diffrent number of neutrons with diffrent mass numbers
what are alkali metals?
Alkali metals are very reactive chemical species they form ionic compounds with nonmetals. All elements are formed from nature
whats group 14?
Group 14 is the carbon family. The five members All of the elements have four electrons (they share electrons covalently).
whats group 17?
group 17 are halogens they are located on the left of the noble gases on the periodic table. they are toxic non metallic elements
what is the alkaline metal?
The alkaline earth metals are the second most reactive family of elements.They all have low densities, melting points and boiling points, and they tend to form solutions with a pH greater than 7.
What is decomposition reactions
A single reactent that breaks apart into several groups
What is combination reaction
When two reactants combine to form a single product
What is single displacement reaction
Single displacement involve a solid metal displacing another less reactive metal
What is double displacement reaction
When one part of the compound is displaced by another compound or element from another substance
What is redox reactions
Many chemical reactions involve electrons being transferred from one atom to another
how do you calculate the relative atomic mass?
determine the weighted average of the masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element, considering their relative abundances.
what are balanced chemical equations?
a chemical equations is said to be balanced when the atoms of each of the reactants are equal to the atoms of each of the products The law of conservation of mass states that atoms cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction but they are rearranged
what are chemcial reactions?
reactant + reactant –> product
