Chem 7: Reactions Of Acids Flashcards
(20 cards)
In terms of pH, what is an acid?
A solution with a pH less than 7
In terms of pH, what is a neutral solution?
A solution with a pH of 7
In terms of H+ ions, what is an acid?
A substance that releases H+ ions when dissolved in water
What are the names and formulae of three main acids?
Hydrochloric acid, HCI; sulfuric acid, H2SO4 ; nitric acid, HNO3
How do you measure the pH of a substance?
Universal indicator or pH probe
What is a strong acid?
An acid where the molecules completely ionised in water
What is a weak acid?
An acid where the molecules partially ionised in water
What is a salt?
A compound formed when a metal ion takes the place of a hydrogen ion in an acid
Which type of salts do sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid form?
Sulfates, chlorides, and nitrates, respectively
What are the products of a reaction between a metal and an acid?
Salt + hydrogen
What are the products of a reaction between a metal and hydroxide and an acid?
Salt + water
What are the products of a reaction between a metal oxide and an acid?
Salt + water
What are the products of a reaction between a metal carbonate and an acid?
Salt + water + carbon dioxide
What is a base?
A substance that reacts with acids in neutralisation reactions
What is an alkali?
A substance that dissolves in water to form a solution above pH 7
What is a neutralisation reaction?
A reaction between an acid and a base to produce water
What is the ionic equation for a reaction between an acid and an alkali?
H+(aq) + OH-(aq) —> H2O(L)
How can you obtain a solid salt from a solution?
Crystallisation
When an acid reacts with a metal, which species is oxidised?
The metal
When an acid reacts with a metal, which species is reduced?
Hydrogen
