chem diffusion, etc. Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is diffusion?
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Give one example of diffusion in everyday life.
When perfume is sprayed in a room, the scent spreads throughout the room.
How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion?
Higher temperatures make particles move faster, increasing the rate of diffusion.
Why do gases diffuse faster than liquids?
Gases diffuse faster because their particles move more freely.
What is gas pressure?
The force that gas particles exert on the walls of a container.
How does temperature affect gas pressure?
Higher temperatures increase pressure as particles move faster and collide more frequently.
Name two factors that affect gas pressure.
- Temperature
- Volume
What happens to gas pressure if the number of gas particles increases?
Gas pressure increases due to more collisions.
What is the difference between an element and a compound?
An element is a pure substance made of one type of atom; a compound is made of two or more different elements chemically combined.
Give one example of a mixture.
Air or fruit salad.
How can we separate a mixture?
Methods include filtration, evaporation, and distillation.
Why can mixtures be separated easily?
They contain substances that are not chemically combined.
What does a period (row) on the periodic table show?
Elements in order of increasing atomic number.
What do elements in the same group have in common?
They have similar properties.
Name one element in the periodic table.
Oxygen or gold.
What is the atomic number of an element?
The number of protons in an atom.
What is solubility?
The ability of a substance (solute) to dissolve in a liquid (solvent).
Give an example of a substance that dissolves in water.
Sugar or salt.
How does temperature affect solubility?
Higher temperatures usually increase solubility.
What happens when a solution is saturated?
No more solute can dissolve.
