CHEM FINAL

Question 1

A _____ is a gas that does not behave completely according to the assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory.

Answer 1

real gas

Question 2

_____ is the process by which particles escape from the surface of a non-boiling liquid and enter the gas state.

Answer 2

evaporation

Question 3

According to the kinetic-molecular theory, collisions between particles and between particles and the container walls are _____ collisions.

Answer 3

elastic

Question 4

_____ are the most ordered.

Answer 4

solids

Question 5

A _____ is a substance in which the particles are arranged in an orderly, geometric, repeating pattern.

Answer 5

crystal

Question 6

The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid is its _____.

Answer 6

melting point

Question 7

_____ principle states that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed by application of a stress, it attains a new equilibrium position that minimizes stress.

Answer 7

Le Chatelier

Question 8

What substance is a non-electrolyte?

Answer 8

sugar

Question 9

_____ law relates temperature and pressure.

Answer 9

Boyle’s

Question 10

A _____ is the component of a solution that is present in the largest amount.

Answer 10

solvent

Question 11

The _____ occurs when light is scattered by colloidal particles dispersed in a transparent medium.

Answer 11

Tyndall effect

Question 12

If the particles in a solvent are so large that they settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred, the mixture is called a _____.

Answer 12

suspension

Question 13

A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current is called an _____.

Answer 13

electrolyte

Question 14

Liquid solutes and solvents that are not soluble in each other are _____.

Answer 14

immiscible

Question 15

Particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions from mixtures known as _____.

Answer 15

colloids

Question 16

_____ are components of a solution that are present in amounts smaller than the solvent.

Answer 16

solutes

Question 17

Ions are formed from solute molecules by the action of the solvent in a process called _____.

Answer 17

ionization

Question 18

_____ do not take part in the chemical reaction and are found in solution both before and after the reaction.

Answer 18

spectator ions

Question 19

A _____ acid can donate 2 protons per molecule.

Answer 19

diprotic

Question 20

A/n _____ acid is a chemical compound that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in aqueous solution.

Answer 20

Arrhenius

Question 21

Any species that can react as either an acid or a base is called _____.

Answer 21

amphoteric

Question 22

A _____ equation includes only those compounds and ions that undergo a chemical change in a reaction in an aqueous solution.

Answer 22

net ionic equation

Question 23

Sulfuric acid is a _____ acid.

Answer 23

monoprotic

Question 24

_____ are compounds whose colours are sensitive to pH.

Answer 24

acid-base indicators

Question 25

A _____ base is a molecule or ion that is a proton acceptor.

Answer 25

Bronsted-Lowry

Question 26

The _____ point is the point at which the two solutions used in a titration are present in chemically equivalent amounts.

Answer 26

equivalence

Question 27

The _____ point of the indicator is the point in a titration at which the indicator changes colour.

Answer 27

end

Question 28

A _____ solution is the solution that contains precisely known concentration of a solute.

Answer 28

standard

Question 29

A _____ acid is an atom, ion, or molecule that accepts an electron pair to form a covalent bond.

Answer 29

Lewis

Question 30

The pH of a neutral solution is _____?

Answer 30

7

Question 31

What is an example of an amphoteric species?

Answer 31

H2O

Question 32

What do colligative properties depend on?

Answer 32

concentration

Question 33

Acids taste _____.

Answer 33

sour

Question 34

A solution with a pH of 9 is _____.

Answer 34

basic

Question 35

_____ is the study of the changes in heat energy that accompany chemical reactions and physical changes.

Answer 35

thermochemistry

Question 36

_____ is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter.

Answer 36

temperature

Question 37

_____ is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of substance by 1C.

Answer 37

specific heat

Question 38

The rate determining step for the chemical reaction is the _____ step.

Answer 38

slowest

Question 39

A _____ reaction is a chemical reaction in which the products can react to re-form the reactant.

Answer 39

reversible

Question 40

_____ principal states that if a system at equilibrium is subjected to a stress, the equilibrium is shifted in the direction that tends to relieve the stress.

Answer 40

Le Chatelier's

Question 41

A chemical reaction is in chemical _____ when the rate of its forward reaction equals the rate of its reverse reaction.

Answer 41

equilibrium

Question 42

The _____ effect is when the addition of an ion common to the 2 solutes brings about a precipitation or reduced ionization.

Answer 42

common ion

Question 43

_____ is a measure of the degree of randomness of the particles in a system.

Answer 43

entropy

Question 44

_____ is the minimum energy required to transform the reactants into an activated complex.

Answer 44

activation energy

Question 45

A _____ is a substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being consumed.

Answer 45

catalyst

Question 46

_______ is a chemical change in which a species gains electrons.

Answer 46

reduction

Question 47

The _____ is where reduction takes place.

Answer 47

cathode

Question 48

_____ is the branch of chemistry that deals with electricity related applications of redox reactions.

Answer 48

electrochemistry

Question 49

The electrochemical cell is a ______ cell if the redox reaction occurs spontaneously and produces electrical energy

Answer 49

voltaic

Question 50

_____ is a measure of the energy required to move a certain electric charge between electrodes.

Answer 50

voltage

Question 51

The oxidation number of a neutral pure element is always _____.

Answer 51

0

Question 52

An _____ is a conductor used to establish electrical contact with a nonmetallic part of a circuit, such as an electrolyte.

Answer 52

electrode

Question 53

The _____ is where oxidation takes place.

Answer 53

anode

Question 54

Negative Ecell values mean that the reaction is _____.

Answer 54

nonspontaneous

Question 55

_____ is a chemical change in which a species loses electron.

Answer 55

oxidation

Question 56

An electrochemical cell is an _____ cell if an electric current is used to produce a redox reaction and bring about a chemical change.

Answer 56

electrolytic

Question 57

An _____ is 2 protons and 2 neutrons ejected from the nucleus.

Answer 57

alpha particle

Question 58

_____ are high energy electromagnetic waves emitted from a nucleus as it changes from an excited state to a ground energy state.

Answer 58

gamma rays

Question 59

The oxidation number for hydrogen is _____.

Answer 59

+1

Question 60

Does a reaction have to be a redox reaction?

Answer 60

no

Question 61

Can oxidation happen without reduction?

Answer 61

no