Chem of life Flashcards
(22 cards)
Acid
Compound that donates a proton (H+) when dissolves in a solution
Activation Energy
energy input necessary to initiate a chemical reaction
Amino Acids
Molecule that makes up proteins; compound of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur
Atoms
Smallest basic unit of matter
Base
Compound that accepts a proton (H+) when dissolved in a solution
Carbohydrates
Molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; includes sugars and starch
Covalent bonding
Chemical bonds formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
Fatty acids
Hydrocarbon chain often bonded to glycerol in a lipid
Functional Group
The portion of a molecule that is active in a chemical reaction and that determines the properties of many organic compounds.
Glycerides
Fatty acid ester of glycerol
Glycerol
A clear, colorless, viscous, sweet-tasting liquid belonging to the alcohol family of organic compound
Hydrogen Bonding
Attraction between slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom
Inorganic
Compounds not containing carbon
Ionic bonding
Chemical bond formed through the electrical force between oppositely charged ions
Lipids
nonpolar molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; includes fats and oils
Ions
Atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons
Nucleic Acids
Polymer of nucleotides; genetic material of organisms
Nucleus
Center of the atom, contains protons and neutrons
Organic
Compound containing carbon
Peptides
a molecule consisting of two or more amino acids
pH
Measurement of acidity; related to free hydrogen ion concentration
Protien
Polymer composed of amino acids linked by peptide bond; folds into a particular structure depending on bonds between amino acids
