Chem Reactions Flashcards
(30 cards)
What are groups on the periodic table
Vertical columns
Number of electrons in valence shell
What are periods on the periodic table
Horizontal rows
Number of shells
What are cations
Positively charged ions
Groups 1 2 3
What are anions
Negatively charged ions
What is an ion
A charged atom
Wants a full valence shell
Gains or loses electrons
What are neutral atoms
No charge
Same number of protons/electrons
Define ionic equations
Cation + anion attraction - opposite charges which is electrostatic attraction
What are ionic compounds
made up of cations/anions when an atom gains or loses electrons (undergoes ionic bonding)
How to balance a chemical equation
Same number and type of atom on each side
What is an acid + base reaction
A salt + water
Acid + metal
A salt + hydrogen gas
Acid + carbonate
A salt + water + carbon dioxide
Potassium hydroxide + sulphuric acid > ?
Potassium sulphate
Magnesium + sulphuric acid > ?
Magnesium sulphate + hydrogen
What are the properties of acids
Corrosive
Sour tasting
Conduct electricity
What are properties of a base
Caustic
Taste bitter
Conduct electricity
What are acids
Proton donors
Release hydrogen ions
Purpose is to react
What are bases
Proton acceptor
Release hydroxide ions
What are endothermic reactions
Absorption of energy
Make things cold
Example: photosynthesis
What are Exothermic reactions
Energy is released
Makes things hot
Example: fire
What is combustion
Exothermic reaction
Must have oxygen
Fuel+oxygen
What is a hydrocarbon
Compound that combusts very well
When does incomplete combustion occur
When there is not enough oxygen
Law of conservation of mass
Mass can neither be destroyed nor created
