Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Chemistry 10th > Chem Test 1 > Flashcards

Chem Test 1 Flashcards

(105 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the main branches of chemistry?

A
  • Organic
  • Inorganic
  • Analytical
  • Physical
  • Biochemistry
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which branch of chemistry deals with CARBON compounds?

A

Organic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the difference between a homogeneous and a heterogeneous mixture?

A

Homogeneous mixtures are uniform throughout (e.g., salt water), while heterogeneous mixtures are not uniform (e.g., salad).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do you classify matter?

A

Matter can be classified as
- elements
- compounds
- mixtures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the difference between a compound and a homogeneous mixture?

A
  • compound is a pure substance that can only be separated by chemical means,
  • homogeneous mixture can be separated by physical means.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are physical properties?

A

Physical properties can be observed or measured WITHOUT CHANGING the substance (e.g., density, solubility).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are chemical properties?

A

Chemical properties describe a substance’s ability to undergo chemical changes (e.g., flammability).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name some common lab equipment used for measuring volumes.

A

Beakers, graduated cylinders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some methods used to separate mixtures?

A

Filtration, distillation, and chromatography.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is an SDS used for?

A

An SDS provides safety information about chemicals, including hazards and safe handling instructions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What safety precautions should be taken when handling chemicals?

A

Wear goggles, use fume hoods for volatile chemicals, and handle acids with care.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the difference between an independent and a dependent variable?

A

An independent variable is manipulated and placed on the x-axis, while the dependent variable is observed and placed on the y-axis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a direct relationship?

A

In a direct relationship, as one variable INCREASES, the other also INCREASES.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is an inverse relationship?

A

In an inverse relationship, as one variable INCREASES, the other DECREASES.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the law of conservation of mass?

A

In any physical or chemical change, mass is neither created nor destroyed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law?

A
  • theory explains why something happens
  • law describes what happens.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are reactants and products in a chemical reaction?

A
  • Reactants are substances that undergo change
  • products are the new substances formed.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are some aspects of the nature of science?

A

Science is based on evidence, is subject to change, and involves peer review.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which branch of chemistry deals with NON-CARBON compounds?

A

Inorganic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which branch of chemistry deals with COMPOSITION of samples?

A

Analytical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which branch of chemistry deals with the BEHAVIOR/ENERGY of compounds?

A

Physical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which branch of chemistry deals with the chemistry of LIFE?

A

Biochemical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The natural world is _____

A

Understandable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Science is based on _____

A

evidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Scientific ideas are _____ yet subject to _____
- durable - change
26
Science is a complex _____ _____
Social endeavor
27
Scientists try to remain _____ and _____ in peer review to avoid _____
- objective - engage - bias
28
A scientific law is a short _____ statement of ____ happens
- mathematical - WHAT A Summary
29
A scientific law _____ try to explain the relationship it describes
DOES NOT
30
A scientific law is a _____ _____ for _____ something happens
- Long explanation - WHY
31
A theory may need to be _____ at some point in the future to explain new _____ or _____ results
- changed - observations - experimental
32
Theories never become _____
LAWS
33
We should have only _____ manipulated variable and _____ dependent variable
- one - one
34
What does DRY mean for a graph
Dependent variable Relies on the other Y-axis
35
What does MIX mean for a graph
Manipulated Variable Independent X-axis
36
In a direct relationship, y _____ by x equal a _____ So as x is increased, y must _____
- divided - constant - increase
37
in an indirect relationship, x _____ y equals a _____ so as x is increased, y must _____
- times - constant - decrease
38
As the temp of a gas increases, the volume increase. This is a _____ relationshipo
direct
39
As the volume of a gas decreases, the pressure increases, this is a _____ relationship
indirect
40
What kind of relationship is this graph
Direct
41
What kind of relationship is this graph
Indirect
42
Every experiment should have a _____
Control
43
What is a control in an experiment
Trial where the manipulated variable is not changed
44
We should _____ the results of many trials
Average
45
Results should be _____ by other scientists
reproducible
46
We should report ____ results, not just the _____ ones
- all - expected
47
Chemistry is the study of _____ and its ____
- matter - change
48
What is matter
anything that has mass and takes up space
49
What are the ____ main types of matter
four
50
What are the 4 main types of matter
- gas - liquid - solid - plasma
51
We can separate matter in ___ ways?
two
52
What are the two ways we can separate matter
- physical means - chemical means
53
You can separate mixtures by physical means into what?
- pure substances
54
What are the two types of pure substances
- compounds - elements
55
How do you separate pure substances
chemical means
56
Compounds get separate into elements by what means
chemical
57
What is the simplest form of matter
element
58
what are the two types of mixtures
-homogenous -heterogenous
59
How may atoms make up an element
1 atom
60
What is a substance that can be separated only by chemical means into simpler substances
Compound
61
Compounds can be separated by what means
chemical
62
How are compounds written
Chemical formula - H2O - NaHCO3
63
What kind of mixtures is composed of only 1 kind of matter
homogenous
64
Homogenous mixtures are completely _____ throughout
uniform
65
Homogenous mixtures are also called
solutions
66
Heterogenous mixtures have a _____ distribution
non-uniform
67
What mixtures has a non-uniform distribution
heterogenous
68
What is an example of a homogenous mixture
- salt water - air
69
What is an example of a heterogenous mixture
- apple - salad
70
What are the 3 kinds of physical means to separate a mixture?
- filtration - distillation - chromatography
71
Separating mixtures by differences in particle sizes is called
filtration
72
Separating mixtures by differences in boiling point is called
distillation
73
Separating mixtures by differences in affinity for a substrate is called
chromatography
74
This picture is an example of what kind of separation?
Physical separation of a homogenous mixtures by distillation
75
This picture is an example of what kind of separation?
Physical separation of a heterogeneous mixture using magnetism
76
This picture is an example of what kind of separation?
physical separation a homogeneous mixtures using chromatography
77
What kind of particle does this picture represent? And why?
Element - cannot be simplified
78
What kind of particle does this picture represent? And why?
Compound - 2 or more element chemically bonded
79
What kind of particle does this picture represent? And why?
Element - only 1 type of atom
80
What kind of particle does this picture represent? And why?
Mixture - can be physically separated
81
Properties or changes that can be observed and measured without changing the composition of a substance are called?
Physical properties and changes
82
Changes in form, not substance are called
phyiscal changes
83
What are 2 examples of a physical change?
- shape change - size change
84
What are 3 examples of physical properties
- density - metallic characteristics (malleability, ductility, luster, conductivity) - solubility
85
What is an example of a physical process
conducting heat or electricity
86
The ability of a substance to undergo a chemical reaction and form a new substance is called what?
chemical property
87
What are 2 examples of chemical properties
- Flammability/combustibility - reactivity
88
Chemical changes are written as _____
reactions
88
What are 5 indicators that a chemical change may have occured
- ENERGY is absorbed or released (temp changes) - COLOR changes - GAS is produced (bubbling, fizzing, odor change, smoke) - PRECIPITATE is formed - a solid that separates from solution (won't dissolve) - IRREVERSIBILITY - not easily undone
89
Starting substances in a chemical reaction are called _____
reactants
90
Reactant + Reactant = _____
Product
91
Name 3 common examples of a chemical change that can be written as a reaction or series of reactions
- rusting - cooking - fermenting
92
What is the law of conservation of mass
in any physical or chemical change, mass is neither created nor destroyed - it is CONSERVED
93
The mass of the reactants will always ____ the mass of the products. Why?
- equal - law of conservation of mass
94
if i react 15g of H2 with 10g of O2 to produce water, how many grams of product will I have?
25 g
95
how is the nature of science tentative?
people come up with new and different things/info all the time
96
What is inference
prediction or understanding you make about something
97
How does one safely dilute an acid?
add acid to water
98
why are beakers not used to measure specific volumes of liquid?
not specific
99
What piece of equipment would you use to measure a volume of liquid
graduated cylinder
100
Is glucose a mixture or pure substance?
Mixture
101
What is a qualitative observation
describe "qualities" of something - texture, color, shape, and do NOT involve counting or measuring
102
What is a quantitative observation
involves counting or measuring using standard scales (mass, volume, time, temperature, frequency of occurence, etc)
103
What are the 5 safety precautions when using a bunsen burner?
- do not reach over a burner - ensure that flammables are not being used when a burner is lit - NEVER LEAVE A LIT BURNER UNATTENDED - know the location of fire extinguishers, the fire blanket, and safety shower. - when finished, turn off the main gas valve.
104
What types of information are given about a chemical on an SDS?
- chemical product identification - composition of ingredients - hazards identification - first aid measures

Chemistry 10th (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions