Chem test Flashcards
(28 cards)
What types of compounds will not be included in equilibrium
liquid and solids are NOT included
aqueous and gas ARE included
How to find rate of reaction
ΔT
How to find M change
M1V1=M2V2
geometry of lewis structure
-linear
-bent
-trigonal pyramidal
-trigonal planar
- tetrahedral
What is the difference between linear and bent
electrons on the center element make a compound bent
Which geometry’s are polar
which are nonpolar
polar:
- bent
- trigonal planar
- trigonal trigonal
- tetrahedral
- linear
non planar (IF SYMMETRICAL)
-linear
- tetrahedral
what is the difference between trigonal planar and trigonal pyramidal
trigonal trigonal has electrons on the center atom, whereas trigonal planar does not
What identifies a tetrahedral compound
more than 5 elements included
How many bonds do
C, N, O, F, H have
C-> 4
N-> 3
O-> 2
F-> 1
H->1
List the steps to making a lewis structure
- Find total valence electron
- Draw skeleton molecule
- add unshared electrons until each element (except H) has 8 electrons
- add total electrons around structure + compare to total valence, if equal you are done, is not equal add double or triple bonds
Ionic vs covalent
ionic: higher melting point, more soluble in water, conductive
covalent: lower melting, less soluble in water, no conductive properties
soluble in water = conductive
Hydrogen bonding:
Not a bond! But an attraction between Hydrogen atoms and unshared electrons on another
isomer
same chemical formula but different structure
what does polarity do
affects melting point and solubility in water
what are some reasons why a reaction would go slower:
cooling down
being left alone
inhibitor (gets in the way of the solution)
add water
how does a catalyst work
catalysts work by lowering the activation energy
provides a surface to the reactants
rearranges molecules
what are some reasons why a reaction would go faster
heat it up
stir it/agitate it
increase surface area
addition of a catalyst
How will the equilibrium equation shift if you remove products
it will shift to the right, favoring the products
How will the equilibrium equation shift if you add products
it will shift to the left, favoring the reactants
equilibrium
balance between the rate of the forward reactions and the rate of the reverse reaction
reactants form products as quickly as products form reactants
How will the equilibrium equation shift if have an exothermic reaction
an increase in the temperature will force the equilibrium to the left, causing the system to absorb heat and thus partially of setting the rise in temperature. (Exothermic)
How will the equilibrium equation shift if you add reactant
it will shift to the right, favoring the products
How will the equilibrium equation shift if you have an endothermic reaction
A decrease in temperature will force the equilibrium to the right.
How will the equilibrium equation shift if you remove reactants
it will shift to the left, favoring the reactants
