Chem Unit 1.2 -- Matter Flashcards
(26 cards)
Definition of matter
anything that has mass and volume
definition of mass
- amount of particles in a substance
- measured in grams
definition of volume
- amount of space in a substance
- measured in litres (L, mL, etc)
What is Physical Change? Give an example.
A change in appearance. EG, a sheet of paper to a paper ball
What is Chemical Change? Give an example.
- occurs when substances combine or break to make new substances
- fireworks from rocket form to the colourful gas form
Define a solid.
Something with a fixed shape and volume.
Define a liquid.
Definite (fixed) volume, it’s shape depends on its surroundings.
Define a gas.
Both shape and volume depend on its surroundings, has the highest kinetic energy.
What is the particle model of matter?
- all matter is made of small particles
- all particles are separated by space
- particles are always moving
- particle attract each other.
What is the abbreviation of the Kinetic Molecular Theory?
KMT
True or False? The Kinetic Molecular Theory is not based on evidence.
FALSE!
Name, in detail, the four most important points of the KMT.
- All matter is made of small particles.
- Empty space between particles. Amount of space between them depends on the state of matter.
- particles moving:
- solid –> tightly packed, only vibrations.
- liquid –> further apart and allows particles to slide past each other.
- gas –> very far apart so it moves quickly - Kinetic, aka movement energy allows the particles to vibrate or move.
Which state of matter has the highest Kinetic Energy?
Gas.
Describe the six changes of state. Must know: its three forms, terms (ie melting, solidification, etc), boiling/melting points.
Three forms: Gas, Liquid, Solid.
Terms:
- Gas –> Liquid: CONDENSATION
- liquid –> Solid: SOLIDIFICATION
- Solid –> Gas: SUBLIMATION
- Gas –> Solid: DEPOSITION
- Solid –> Liquid: MELTING
- Liquid –> Gas: EVAPORATION
Boiling + Melting Point:
- The BOILING POINT is the temperature in which a liquid becomes a gas.
- The MELTING POINT is the temperature a solid becomes a liquid.
How does the KMT help explain changes of state?
For melting (solid –> liquid) there is an increase in kinetic energy, which explains the change of state.
Define Qualitative Properties:
- A property that can be described.
Define Quantitative Properties:
- properties that are an amount or a measurement
Define Pure Substance, and give examples.
Definition: substance only made of one type of matter
Example: PURE water, elements
Define Element, and give examples.
Definition: A substance that can’t be broken any further.
Example: Periodic Table
Define Compound, and give examples.
Definition: Made up of at least two elements.
Example: pure water (H2O)
Name the process of going from a gas to a solid.
Deposition
Name the process of going from a solid to a liquid.
Melting
Name the process of going from a liquid to a gas.
Evaporation
Name the process of going from a gas to a liquid.
Condensation
