Chem unit 7

Question 1

covalent bonds…

Answer 1

involve a SHARING of electrons
NM and NM

Question 2

as atoms move closer, potential energy decreases/increases

Answer 2

decreases

Question 3

ionic bonds

Answer 3

involves a TRANSFER/attraction of electrons
M and NM/cation –> anion

Question 4

metals have the tendency to _____ electrons

Answer 4

lose

Question 5

nonmetals have the tendency to ____ electrons

Answer 5

GAIN

Question 6

What is an ionic crystal

Answer 6

forms when multiple ion pairs are attracted to eachother

Question 7

TRUE/FALSE- ionic compounds must have two pos ions to form

Answer 7

FALSE- must have one pos and one neg

Question 8

lower in energy =

Answer 8

more stable (covalent bonds)

Question 9

exceptions to octet rule

Answer 9

H- 2 ve
Be- 4 ve
B- 6 ve
third period and below can have 8+ ve

Question 10

2,2,0

Answer 10

molecular geo - linear
e geo- linear

Question 11

3, 3, 0

Answer 11

e/molec - trigonal planar

Question 12

3, 2, 1

Answer 12

e- trigonal planar
m- bent

Question 13

TEP = 2

Answer 13

linear
180 degrees

Question 14

TEP = 3

Answer 14

e geo - trigonal planar
120 degrees

Question 15

TEP = 4

Answer 15

e geo- tetrahedral
109.5 degrees

Question 16

TEP = 5

Answer 16

e geo- trigonal bipyramidal
degrees vary

Question 17

TEP = 6

Answer 17

e geo- octahedral
90 degrees

Question 18

4, 4, 0

Answer 18

e/molec- tetrahedral

Question 19

4, 3, 1

Answer 19

e-geo = tetrahedral
molec geo- trigonal pyramidal

Question 20

4, 2, 2

Answer 20

e geo- tetrahedral
molec- bent

Question 21

5, 5, 0

Answer 21

e/molec- trigonal bypyramidal

Question 22

5, 4, 1

Answer 22

e geo- trigonal bypyramidal
molec geo- seesaw
120/90 degrees

Question 23

5, 3, 2,

Answer 23

e geo- trigonal bipyramidal
molec geo- T-shaped
90 degrees

Question 24

5, 2, 3

Answer 24

e geo- trigonal bipyramidal
molec- linear
180 degrees

Question 25

examples of e-geometry

Answer 25

linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, octahedral

Question 26

examples of molec geo

Answer 26

(electron geo) + bent, seesaw, T-shaped, square pyramidal, square planar, trigonal pyramidal

Question 27

0.4 and below

Answer 27

nonpolar

Question 28

above 0.4 - 1.7

Answer 28

polar

Question 29

above 1.7

Answer 29

ionic

Question 30

polar molecule

Answer 30

-assymetrical -POS and NEG end -uneven distribution of charge = share e- unequally

Question 31

nonpolar molecule

Answer 31

-symmetrical -pos-pos / neg-neg -even distribution of charge = share e- equally

Question 32

TRUE/FALSE- you can have a nonpolar molecule with a polar bond

Answer 32

TRUE (ex. C-Cl)

Question 33

non-symmetrical molecules (polar)

Answer 33

bent trigonal pyramidal see-saw t-shaped square pyramidal

Question 34

symmetrical molecules (nonpolar)

Answer 34

tetrahedral linear trigonal planar trigonal bipyramidal octahedral square planar (exception)

Question 35

if atom has unidentical atoms...can symmetry be disrupted?

Answer 35

yes

Question 36

spdf stuff

Answer 36

s = 1 p=3 d=5 f=7 must add up to TEP

Question 37

H-bond

Answer 37

H atom is attracted to F,O,N (high EN) strongest IMF responsible for high freezing/boiling point

Question 38

intermolecular forces

Answer 38

attraction between two or more molecules

Question 39

Dipole-dipole bond

Answer 39

attraction between oppositely charged regions on POLAR molecules e- ---> to higher EN intermediate strength

Question 40

LDFs (London Dispersion Forces)

Answer 40

all molecs have LDFs -weakest IMF

Question 41

relationship between molar mass and boiling point

Answer 41

higher molar mass = more LDFS = stronger IMFs = harder to boil = BP up

Question 42

electrostatic force

Answer 42

attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 43

bond length

Answer 43

short = strong (triple bond) long = weak (single bond) bond length depends on number of bonds

Question 44

why do atoms bond?

Answer 44

to become stable

Question 45

covalent bonds are held together by the attraction between _______and ________

Answer 45

protons in nucleus of one atom+ electrons of other atom - electrostatic force

Question 46

true/false- LDFs are permanent

Answer 46

false- they are temporary and weak

Question 47

Do nonpolar/polar molecules have stronger IMFS? Why?

Answer 47

polar- they have dipole-dipole bonds

Question 48

is water polar/nonpolar?

Answer 48

Polar!!