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chembio lab > chembio finals lab > Flashcards

chembio finals lab Flashcards

1
Q

Vaporizing a liquid from a solid (or another liquid) and condensing the vapor.

A

distillation

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2
Q

one of the physical properties used to identify it (distillation)

A

boiling point

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3
Q

used to separate pure compound from a non-volatile or less volatile material.

A

distillation

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4
Q

two types of distillation

A

simple and fractional

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5
Q

if the components have widely different boiling points (greater than a 100 °C difference in boiling points)

A

simple distillation

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6
Q

Fermentation of ethyl alcohol from yeast sugar wash

A

simple distillation

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7
Q

Mixtures of liquids whose boiling points are similar (separated by less than 70°C)

A

fractional distillation

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8
Q

Removing a substance from a solid or liquid mixture by adding a liquid (solvent) in which the substance is soluble.

A

extraction

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9
Q

separate compounds based upon their different solubilities in two solvents that do not mix.

A

extraction

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10
Q

what is the most widely used method in extraction?

A

solvent extraction

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11
Q

Extraction includes _____ according to the extraction principle.

A

solvent extraction, distillation method, pressing and decoction

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12
Q

the commonly used method of extraction in Chemistry and Biology laboratory

A

solvent extraction

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13
Q

solvent extraction is also known as

A

liquid-liquid extraction

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14
Q

what do you add in solvent extraction?

A

immiscible solvent

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15
Q

what are the two layers in solvent extraction?

A

aqueous and organic

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16
Q

these are often extracted from their source using solvents

A

essential oils

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17
Q

has been used especially for water-soluble and thermostable constituents.

A

decoction

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18
Q

method of extraction by boiling plant material to dissolve the chemicals of the material

A

decoction

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19
Q

enables the separation, identification, and purification of the components of a mixture for qualitative and quantitative analysis.

A

chromatography

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20
Q

based on the principle where molecules in mixture applied onto the surface or into the solid, and fluid stationary phase (stable phase) is separating from each other while moving with the aid of a mobile phase

A

chromatography

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21
Q

The factors effective on this separation process include molecular characteristics related to
* adsorption (liquid-solid)
* partition (liquid-solid)
* affinity
* differences among their molecular weights

A

true

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22
Q

what are the three components that form the basis of the chromatography technique?

A

stationary phase, mobile phase, separated molecules

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23
Q

a form of partition chromatography used to separate molecules of different molecular sizes of protein

A

gel-filtration chromatography

24
Q

If a protein has a net positive charge negatively charged molecules bind to positively charged solid supports and positively charged molecules bind to negatively charged supports

A

ion-exchange chromatography

25
Q

Positively charged protein binds to negatively charged bead

A

carboxylate group

26
Q

negatively charged protein will bind to positively charged bead

A

diethylaminoethyl group

27
Q

a separation method based on a specific binding interaction between an immobilized ligand and its binding partner.

A

affinity chromatography

28
Q

High selectivity, resolution, and capacity in protein purification schemes

A

affinity chromatography

29
Q

a process of separating components in a liquid mixture.

A

high performance liquid chromatography

30
Q

A liquid sample is injected into a stream of solvent (mobile phase) flowing through a column packed with a separation medium (stationary phase).

A

high performance liquid chromatography

31
Q

used to identify unknown compounds via molecular weight determination, to quantify known compounds, and to determine structure and chemical properties of molecules

A

mass spectrometry

32
Q

Removing a solid substance from a liquid by passing the suspension through a filter.

A

filtration

33
Q

this may be done cold or hot, using gravity or applying a vacuum, using a Buchner or Hirsch funnel, or a simple glass funnel.

A

filtration

34
Q

Removing a substance from a soluble by means of centrifuge.

A

centrifugation

35
Q

it is mainly used is clinical laboratory

A

centrifugation

36
Q

Forming a crystalline solid by decreasing its solubility as a result of cooling the solution, evaporating the solvent, or adding a solvent in which it is less soluble so that solid crystals form.

A

crystallization

37
Q

Vaporizing and recondensing its vapor

A

sublimation

38
Q

few substances change directly, from a solid to vapour on heating without going through the liquid state

A

sublimation

39
Q

It is versatile for it can be used to separate mixtures of solids, or of liquids, or mixtures of solids and liquids combined, or in the case of gas chromatography, can separate mixtures of gases.

A

chromatography

40
Q

different compounds are adsorbed on the adsorbent to different degrees based on the absorptivity of the component

A

adsorption chromatography

41
Q

mixture of substances is separated into its components with the help of a glass plate coated with a very thin layer of adsorbent

A

thin layer chromatography

42
Q

what are the adsorbents?

A

silica gel and alumina

43
Q

The plate used for TLC is known

A

chrome plate

44
Q

what is the fluid used in TLC?

A

eluant

45
Q

separate the components of a mixture using a column of suitable adsorbent packed in a glass tube

A

column chromatography

46
Q

a continuous differential partitioning of components of a mixture into a stationary phase and mobile phase takes place

A

partition chromatography

47
Q

example of partition chromatography

A

paper chromatography

48
Q

equal to the distance traveled by the compound divided by the distance traveled by the solvent front

A

retention factor (Rf)

49
Q

absorbs moisture from the atmosphere

A

deliquescent solid

50
Q

this compound absorbs moisture from the atmosphere

A

naoh

51
Q

it is a primary standard acidic substance

A

potassium acid/hydrogen phthalate

52
Q

chemical formula of KHP

A

HOOC-C6H4-COOK

53
Q

what is the molar mass of KHP?

A

204.23 g/mol KHP

54
Q

can be weighed accurately because it is stable (does not decompose) and not hygroscopic (does not absorb moisture from the atmosphere)

A

primary standard substance

55
Q

solution with unknown concentration

A

analyte

chembio lab (6 decks)

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