Chemical Bonding

Question 1

Which group are noble gases in?

Answer 1

Group 0

Question 2

What are noble gases?

Answer 2

Elements that have a stable electron configuration and are unreactive
Exist as a single atom

Question 3

Why do atoms react?

Answer 3

To achieve noble gas configuration

Question 4

Ionic bonding is the process in which?

Answer 4

Atoms gain or lose electrons in order to reach noble gas configuration

Question 5

Covalent bonding is the process in which?

Answer 5

Atoms share electrons in order to reach noble gas configuration

Question 6

What are Ions?

Answer 6

Ions are charged particles, Atoms that lose or gain electrons form Ions.

Question 7

What are Cations and Anions?

Answer 7

Cations - Positively charged ions

Anions - Negatively charged ions

Question 8

Atoms form Cations by?

Answer 8

Losing electrons

Question 9

Atoms form Anions by?

Answer 9

Gaining electrons

Question 10

Atoms lose electrons to form?

Answer 10

Positively charged ions

Question 11

Atoms gain electrons to form?

Answer 11

Negatively charged ions

Question 12

Ionic bonds are formed between?

Answer 12

Metals and Non-metals

Question 13

A compound made from two elements has a name that ends with?

Answer 13

‘-ide’

e.g. Carbon Dioxide, Zinc Oxide, Sodium Chloride

Question 14

Compounds that contain OH- (hydroxide ion) has a name with?

Answer 14

‘hydroxide’

e.g. Calcium hydroxide, Potassium Hydroxide

Question 15

2MgCO3

What do the 2 and 3 stand for in this chemical formula?

Answer 15

2 - moles

3 - number of atoms

Question 16

Which element comes first in a chemical formula?

Answer 16

The symbol of the metallic element is written first

e.g NaCl Sodium -metal Chlorine - non-metal

Question 17

Combining Cu2+ and OH- forms?

Answer 17

Cu(OH)2

Question 18

Ionic compounds are also known as?

Answer 18

Giant Ionic Structures/ Giant lattice structure/ Crystal Lattice

Question 19

Giant Ionic Structures consist of?

Answer 19

Consist of an endlessly repeating three-dimensional
lattice of positive and negative ions,
Ions are closely packed, arranged in an orderly manner and held in place by ionic bonds

Question 20

Covalent bonds are formed between?

Answer 20

Non-metals

Question 21

What is a molecule

Answer 21

It is when a group of two or more atoms are held together by covalent bonds.

Question 22

In terms of covalent bonding, what does N-N mean?

Answer 22

N shares 1 electron with another N

Question 23

In terms of covalent bonding, what does O=O mean?

Answer 23

O shares 2 electrons with another O

Question 24

What are the types of covalent bonding

Answer 24

Simple Covalent Structure

Giant Covalent Structure

Question 25

What are the properties of a simple covalent structure?

Answer 25

They have low bpt/mpt/gas at rtp because of weak intermolecular FOA between the molecules. Hence little energy is needed to overcome attractive forces. Cannot conduct electricity because there are no mobile electrons. Simple molecular structures are insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents.

Question 26

What are examples of a Giant covalent structure?

Answer 26

Diamond/graphite/Si/SiO2/SiC

Question 27

What are the properties of a Giant covalent structure?

Answer 27

They have high bpt/mpt/gas at rtp because of strong intermolecular FOA between the molecules. Hence a lot of energy is needed to overcome attractive forces.

Question 28

Properties of Diamond/SiO2

Answer 28

Cannot conduct electricity as there are no mobile electrons. | They are hard due to strong covalent bonds between atoms.

Question 29

Properties of Graphite

Answer 29

Can conduct electricity because of mobile electrons. Since each carbon atom has 4 valence electrons but only 3 are used for bonding with each carbon atom. Graphite is soft because of weak forces of attraction between layers of carbon atoms that can slide.

Question 30

What are allotropes?

Answer 30

alternate forms of an element

Question 31

Properties of a metallic structure?

Answer 31

They have high bpt/mpt/gas at rtp because of the strong electrostatic FOA between the positive metal ions and the sea of delocalised electrons. Hence a lot of energy is needed to overcome attractive forces. Can conduct electricity in solid and molten states due to sea of delocalised electrons Good conductors of heat. Movement of mobile electrons within the metal lattice allows heat energy to be easily transferred high density structure Malleable as atoms are able to slide over the sea of delocalised electrons ductile