chemical bonding Flashcards
(27 cards)
what are the characteristics of noble gases and their electronic configurations (3 points)
- fully filled valence shells of electrons (close shell electronic configuration)
- they are inert (chemically inactive) and exist as monoatomic gases
- stable because of duplet (full/closed elec. config.)
what do atoms that are not noble gases do to fill up their outermost electron shell? (4 points)
- lose electrons
- gain electrons
- share electrons
- transfer electrons
what is a cation? (2 points)
- positively charged (PAW-sitive -> CAT ion)
- more protons than electrons
what is an anion? (2 points)
- negatively charged (N-ion -> Negative)
- more electrons than protons
which come first when naming compound? Cation or Anion?
Cation (1) + Anion (2)
list some common cations
-sodium (Na+)
-potassium (K+)
-calcium (Ca^2+)
-magnesium (Mg^2+)
-hydrogen (H+)
-silver (Ag+)
list some common anion
-chloride (Cl-)
-fluoride (F-)
-hydroxide (OH-)
-nitrate (NO3-)
-sulfate (SO4^2-)
-phosphate (PO4^3-)
what is a monatomic?
a substance made of a single atom (He, Ne, Ar)
what is a diatomic?
a substance made of two atoms (H2, O2, N2)
what is a polyatomic?
a substance made of more than two atoms (O3, H2O, CO2)
what is a ionic bond?
the mutual electrostatic attraction between ions of opposite charges
( ?(+) plus ?(-) =ionic bond)
typically from a metal to non metal
what is ionic compound? (4 points)
- an electrically neutral compound (no net charge)
- the result of ionic bonding
- typically form between a metal and a non metal
- (ionic solid) exist as giant ionic crystal lattices
what is the structure of giant ionic crystal lattices (3 points)
- 3 dimensional
- alternating cations and
anions held together by strong electrostatic forces (ionic bonds) - alternating pattern of ions (1,2,1,2….) creates a lattice that extends throughout the entire crystal
covalent bond is formed when….?
- formed when atoms share electrons to attain noble gas electron config.
chorine has the electron config of 2,8,7. what is the valency of chlorine?
ans: 1 as it needs 1 more to complete its outermost electron shell
valency of 1 is what kind of covalent bond
single covalent bond
valency of 2 is what kind of covalent
double covalent bond
valency of 3 is what kind of covalent
triple covalent bond
what is covalent molecules? (2 points)
- product of covalent bonding
- made from atoms of the same or different element
Atoms attain closed shell electronic configuration by forming what type of bond? (3 bond)
- ionic bond
- covalent bond
- metallic bond
what makes simple covalent molecule?
countable number of atoms held tgt by covalent bonds
what is giant covalent structure made up of?
numerous atoms linked together by strong covalent bonds forming a large, continuous network or lattice
how to name covalent compounds?
element further to left or bottom in periodic table (the first element)
element furthest to right or top in periodic table (the second element) (root + ide)
what is metallic bonding? (2 points)
- a type of chemical bonding that occurs in metals
- mutual attraction between positively charged ions in metal and the “sea of mobile (or delocalised) electrons)
