Chemical Bonding, Chemical Structures And Properties Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is a covalent bond?
a chemical bond formed when two non-metal atoms share a pair of electrons
What is an ion?
An ion is an atom that gains or loses electrons to become negatively or positively charged.
How do ionic bonds form?
Ionic bonds form through attraction between oppositely charged ions.
How is the Periodic Table organized?
The Periodic Table is organized based on atomic structure, helping to predict an element’s properties.
What are Group 1 elements known as?
Group 1 elements are known as alkali metals.
How do the properties of alkali metals change down the group?
Atomic size increases:
Alkali metals gain additional electron shells as you go down the group, leading to larger atoms.
Melting and boiling points decrease:
The weaker attractive forces between the outer electrons and positive ions in larger atoms require less energy to break, resulting in lower melting and boiling points.
Reactivity increases:
The outer electron in larger alkali metals is further from the nucleus, making it easier to lose and more reactive.
Density increases:
While atomic size increases down the group, the increase in atomic mass is more significant, leading to a higher overall density.
What is the difference between simple and giant structures?
Simple structures include molecular bonding, while giant structures include ionic or metallic bonding.
How do structures affect properties?
Structures affect properties such as melting point and conductivity.
What is the formula for density?
Density = mass ÷ volume.
How do you calculate density?
You can calculate density by dividing mass by volume.
What determines whether an object floats or sinks in water?
Density determines whether an object floats or sinks in water.
Can you provide a real-world example of density?
The large beach ball floats in water because it is less dense than water
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