Chemical Bonding, Formulas, and Compounds

Question 1

IntERmolecular Forces

Answer 1

Attractive forces between molecules.

Question 2

IntRAmolecular Forces

Answer 2

Chemical bonds within molecules.

Question 3

Ionic Bond

Answer 3

e- are transferred from metal to nonmetal.

Question 4

Covalent Bond

Answer 4

e- are shared between two nonmetals.

Question 5

Covalent Network Bond

Answer 5

e- are shared between two nonmetals.

Question 6

Metallic Bond

Answer 6

e- are delocalized among metal atoms.

Question 7

Lattice Energy

Answer 7

The energy required to break apart one mole of an ionic compound into its constituent ions.

Question 8

Bonding of Metals

Answer 8

• Roaming electrons form a “sea of electrons” around
  the metal atoms.
• Malleability and Ductility
  • bonding is the same in every direction.
  • one layer of atoms can slide past another.
• Conductivity
  • from the freedom of electrons to move around.

Question 9

Metal Alloys

Answer 9

• Substance that is a mixture of

elements and has metallic properties

Question 10

Substitutional Alloy

Answer 10

• Host metal atoms are replaced by other metal atoms.

- happens when they have similar sizes

Question 11

Interstitial Alloy

Answer 11

• Metal atoms occupy spaces created between host
  metal atoms.
• happens when metal atoms have large difference in
  size.

Question 12

Dipoles are….

Answer 12

• A molecule or a part of a molecule that contains both positively and negatively charged regions.

Question 13

London Dispersion Forces

Answer 13

• Attraction between 2 instantaneous dipoles.
• Asymmetrical electron distribution.
• All atoms & molecules.

Question 14

Dipole-Dipole Forces

Answer 14

• Attraction between 2 permanent dipoles.

- Polar molecules

Question 15

Hydrogen Bonding

Answer 15

• Attraction between molecules with N-H, O-H, & F-H
  bonds.
• Extremely polar bonds = very strong dipole-dipole
  force.

Question 16

he more……. the higher the IMF
The more……. the higher the IMF
The more……. the higher the IMF

Answer 16

polar
larger
linear

Question 17

Stronger the IMF, stronger the…..of a compound

Answer 17

Boiling Point

Question 18

Stronger the IMF, the slower it……..

Answer 18

Evaporates

Question 19

Hydrates?

Anhydrous?

Answer 19

Ionic compounds that absorb water into their structure

Question 20

Electron Dot Diagrams show…..

Answer 20

valence electrons as dots
distribute dots like arrows in an orbital diagram
4 sides = 1 s-orbital, 3-p orbitals

Question 21

Octet Rule

Answer 21

Most atoms form bonds in order to obtain 8 valence electrons

Full energy level stability - Noble Gases

Question 22

Lewis Structure of…
Covalent
Ionic

Answer 22

covalent-show sharing of electrons

Ionic-show transfer of electrons

Question 23

Lewis Structure of…
Non-Polar Covalent
Polar Covalent

Answer 23

Non-Polar Covalent-no charges

Polar Covalent-partial charges

Question 24

Octet Rule Exceptions

Answer 24

Hydrogen - 2 valence electrons

Groups 1,2,3 get 2,4,6 valence electrons

Question 25

Steps to draw Lewis Diagrams

Answer 25

1.Find total # of valence e- 2.Arrange atoms - singular atom is usually in the middle. 3.Form bonds between atoms (2 e- shared is a single bond - one pair) 4.Distribute remaining e- to give each atom an octet (recall exceptions). 5.If there aren't enough e- to go around or an element is not stable, form double(2 pairs of shared e-) or triple (3 pairs of shared e-) bonds.

Question 26

Steps to Polyatomic Ions

Answer 26

To find total # of valence e-: 1.Add 1e- for each negative charge. 2.Subtract 1e- for each positive charge. Place brackets around the ion and label the charge.

Question 27

Resonance Structures

Answer 27

- Molecules that can't be correctly represented by a single Lewis diagram. - Actual structure is an average of all the possibilities. - Show possible structures separated by a double- headed arrow.

Question 28

Resonance Structures represent......

Answer 28

the bonding in molecules that cannot be adequately represented with a single Lewis structure.

Question 29

Isomers are....

Answer 29

Molecules that have the same kinds and numbers of atoms BUT different arrangements & properties.