Chemical Bonding Part 1 Flashcards
(41 cards)
Give the two reasons atoms bond and why? (2x3)
- To obtain noble gas electron structures
Want the outer most energy levels to be full = increase in stability and no more chemical bonding
- To obtain a lower state of energy
Energy is released to form chemical bonds.
Formations allow atoms to achieve a lower energy level
What is Chemical Bonding (3)
Chemical bonding is the process by which atoms bond with each other and in this way achieve a noble gas configuration, with low potential energy
What is a molecule? (2)
A molecule is a group of two or more atoms which are bonded together strongly enough to behave as a single unit in a chemical reaction
A bonded state is known to be? (1)
A non bonded state is also known as… (1)
- More stable state
- “free state”not stable
What are between chemical bonds? (3) #
- Must be forces to form such a unit
- A mutual binding force = chemical bonding
- Both attractive and repulsive forces between the atoms
Two ways atoms attract to each other (2) #
- Nucleus (+) with its own electrons (-)
- Nucleus (+) with other atoms electrons (-)
2 ways the atoms repel (2) #
- Nucleus (+) with other nucleus (+)
- Electrons (-) with other electrons (-)
How do bonds form? (1) #
When forces of attraction = forces of repulsion
What is bond length? (2) #
- The distance between the nuclei of the atoms
- The lowest energy point, where the atoms want to be
How does energy change in an atom? (2) #
Attraction - work more over a long distance
Repulsion - work more over a short distance
Point at which atoms are far apart is taken advantage? (1) #
0
What is bond strength? (2) #
Bond strength is the amount of energy needed to break a chemical bond
Bond strength and length are… (1) #
- Inversely related
Bond strength points (3) #
- measured in joules
- weak bonds easily broken
- strong bonds hard to break
Decimeter (2) #
- dm
- 10^-1m
Centimeter (2) #
- cm
- 10^-2m
Millimeter (2) #
- mm
- 10^-3m
Micrometer (2) #
- um (curved u)
- 10^-6m
Nanometer (2) #
- mm
- 10^-9m
Picometer (2) #
- pm
- 10^-12m
What is valency? (2)
Valency is the measure of the number of chemical bonds formed by the atoms of a given element
Calculating valency: Groups 1-4 = Groups 5-8 = Charge of ion = Roman numerals = Zinc = Silver =
= group number = 8 - group number = valency = valency = 2 = 1
What group is the exception to the Lewis structure? (1)
Group 4 (1 on each side)
- Carbon
- Silicon
Elements don’t gain electrons to become noble gases. They… (1)
They gain noble gas electron STRUCTURES
