Chemical Changes (P1) Flashcards
(16 cards)
What do Strong acids give off in aqueous solutions?
Hydrogen ion (H+)
What do alkalis give off in aqueous solutions?
Hydroxide ions (OH−)
What is a Strong Acid?
Are completely ionised in aqueous solutions.
What is a Weak Acid?
Are partially ionised in aqueous solutions.
What is the positive electrode called?
Anode
What is the negative electrode called?
Cathode
What is the positive ion called and which electrode does it go to?
Cations
They go to the Cathode (Negative electrode)
What is the negative ion called and which electrode does it go to?
Anions
They go to the Anode (Positive electrode)
How can you produce a soluble salt?
Reacting acids with solid insoluble substances (e.g metals, metal oxides, hydroxides and carbonates)
What extraction method would you use for elements more reactive than carbon?
Electrolysis
What extraction method would you use for elements less reactive than carbon?
Reduction
How could you find the speed of reaction for acids and metals reacting?
the rate which hydrogen bubbles are given off.
What is the rule for displacement reactions?
A more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from its compound.
What happens when lithium reacts with water?
it’s a vigorous reaction where the metal floats, fizzes, and gradually disappears, producing hydrogen gas and lithium hydroxide.
What happens when sodium reacts with water?
it melts to form a silvery-grey ball, fizzes vigorously, and moves around on the surface of the water
What happens when potassium reacts with water?
a very vigorous reaction with a lilac-coloured flame, sparks, and sometimes a small explosion. The potassium melts and floats on the water’s surface, moving around rapidly before self-igniting and burning. Hydrogen gas is produced.
