chemical compositiion of the body

Question 1

inorganic compounds

Answer 1

minerals water

Question 2

organic compounds

Answer 2

carb, lipid, protein, nucleic acid, vitamin

Question 3

Hydrogen

Answer 3

important electron carrier

Question 4

N

Answer 4

nucleic acid

Question 5

Ca

Answer 5

bones, teeth, muscle contraction

Question 6

P

Answer 6

in nucleic acids for skeleton and teeth
creating energy in cel

Question 7

sodium

Answer 7

regulate the electrolyte balance
maintain homeostosis

Question 7

Potassium

Answer 7

nerve conduction

Question 7

selenium

Answer 7

DNA protection
immune system

Question 8

Cobalt

Answer 8

normally toxic to body

Question 8

Oxygen

Answer 8

energy

Question 9

zinc

Answer 9

immune system

Question 10

iodine

Answer 10

for thhyroid tissue
mood regulation
fetus development

Question 11

chloride

Answer 11

with sodium maintains the normal fluid balance

Question 12

Mg

Answer 12

cofactor in several enzymatic activities

Question 13

Fe

Answer 13

hemoglobin formation

Question 14

Cu

Answer 14

energy production

Question 15

water

Answer 15

for cell= building material
digestion
regulate bofy T
for some organs(eye,joints)
for saliva

babies have the highest amount
around 65%

woman total 2.7L
men 3.7L

Question 16

Vitamins

Answer 16

support maintanence of skin,bone,muscle
repair cells, organ tissue
supporting immune function
food=energy

fat soluable=ADEK stored in liver muscles fatty tissues
water solluable=C,B not stored

Question 17

vitamin A

Answer 17

immune system=white blood cells
vision
healthy bones teeth tissue

deficieny=night blindness dry eyes

source dark fruit, liver, beef

Question 18

Vitamin D

Answer 18

sunshine vitamin
help absorb Ca
deficieny=heart, kidney disease, cancer, low mood
source= red meat, egg yolk

Question 19

Vitamin E

Answer 19

antioxidant
anti aging=protect cells from damage
protect DNA
from red blood cells
help use vitamin K
helps with alzheirmers

deficeny= heart disease, cancer
source=dark green veb, avocado, margarine

Question 20

vitamin K

Answer 20

blood clotting
bone health
cells cant produce but bacteria in gut can

source=cabbage, dark green veb

Question 20

vitamin C

Answer 20

antioxidant=DNA
help absorb iron
source=orange, strawberry
COOKING REDUCE VITAMIN C

Question 21

Vitamin B

Answer 21

memory nervous system health reproductive health reduce inflammation B12= making red blood cells=can only get from animals being a vegeterian has negative effect

Question 21

are carbohydartes stored in body?

Answer 21

not for a long time

Question 22

CARBOHYDATES(MONOSACCHARİDES)

Answer 22

monomers: glucose fructose galactose

Question 23

CARBOHYDRATES(DISAC)

Answer 23

sucrose =table sugar (glucose+fructose) lactose=milk sugar maltose=malt sugar

Question 24

CARBO(POLY)

Answer 24

STORAGE IMPORTANT FOR DRUG DELİVERY starch cellulose glycogen

Question 25

STARCH

Answer 25

store carbohydates polymers of glucose amylase or amlspech =stored in plant based

Question 26

CELLULOSE

Answer 26

primary component of cell wall of green plants we cannot digest feeling full

Question 27

GLYCOGEN

Answer 27

polymers of glucose stored in tissue muscle liver store excess glucose as glycogen

Question 28

functions of carbs

Answer 28

break down for fuel all body cells can use glucose NERVE CELLS IN BRAIN SPINAL CORD AND PERIPEHRAL SYSTEM ONLY USE GLUCOSE breaking dorn glucose= ATP

Question 29

ATP made up of...

Answer 29

ribose adenine phosphate

Question 30

energy equation

Answer 30

C6H12o& + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Question 31

LIPIDS

Answer 31

16% of the body hydrophobic compunds= fuel MOST TRIGLYCERIDES

Question 32

TRIGILYCERIDS

Answer 32

glycerol+ 3 fatty acid chains known as FAT energy storage thermal insulation cushion

Question 33

Phosopholipids are...

Answer 33

compounds of membranes

Question 34

streoids

Answer 34

a lipid type hydro carbon rings=cholesterol

Question 35

CHOLESTEROL

Answer 35

for bile acids and help emulsify dietary fats for hormones= estrogen, testosterone cell membrane= help regulate, flow of substances into and out of the cell

Question 36

OMEGA3

Answer 36

polysaturated fats essential fats that body cant make=from food integral part of cell membranes affect cell receptors in membrane starting point for hormones that regulate blood clotting, construction and relaxation of artery walls

Question 37

omega 3 prevents...

Answer 37

heart diseases stroke eczema cancer lower blood pressure

Question 38

alpha-linalenic acid (ALA)

Answer 38

uses for energy vegetable oil nuts flax ssed

Question 38

protein structural functions

Answer 38

keratin in epidermis of skin that protect tissue collagen in dermis of skin bones and meninges that cover brain and spinal cord in cell membranes=transport electrolytes in and out of the cell=ions healthy balance

Question 38

eicosopentaoneic acid(EPA)+ docosahetaenoic acid(DTA)

Answer 38

type of oemga 3 from fish

Question 38

proteins

Answer 38

monomers=amino acid 20 types amino acid sequence and shape determine proteins shape %16

Question 38

RNA

Answer 38

used in protein synthesis

Question 38

protein functional functions

Answer 38

digestive enzymes in digestive tract antibodies neurotransmitters peptide based hormones=growth hormone

Question 38

nucleic acids monomer

Answer 38

nucleotides

Question 38

nucleic acids have...

Answer 38

1 or more phosphate group

Question 39

DNA

Answer 39

present in mitaochondria no uracil choloroplast has own DNA=photosynthesis

Question 39

lipid types

Answer 39

triglycerides phospholipids streol

Question 40

gluten is a

Answer 40

protein

Question 41

brain can shrink in size without water

Answer 41

true

Question 42

respiration consumes water

Answer 42

true

Question 43

thirst center of the brain

Answer 43

hypothalamus(regulates sodium in the body)

Question 44

how is cellulose digested?

Answer 44

hydrolize the cellulose into smaller carbohydrates like glucose the leftover carbohydrates are fermented microbes in ruben are the real stars

Question 45

too much fructose leads to...

Answer 45

leptin resistance, obesity

Question 46

too much sugar...

Answer 46

stored in the liver or turned to fat