Chemical Formulas

Question 1

Binary Ionic Compounds Naming

Answer 1

CaCl2

1. Cation and then the anion
2. Monoatomic (one-atom) cation takes it name from the name of the element
3. Monoatomic anion with which the cation combine is named by taking the root of the element’s name and adding -ide

Calcium Chloride

Question 2

Binary Ionic Compounds Naming

Answer 2

Metallic ions (cation) ionically bind with a negatively charged ion (anion)

Question 3

Common Category II Cations (multivalent metals)

Answer 3

Metals that form more than one type of ionic cation:

Fe3+ - Iron(III)
FE2+ - Iron (II) 
Cu1+ - Copper(I)
Cu2+ - Copper(II)
Hg2 2+ - Mercury(I)
Sn4+ - Tin(IV)
Sn2+ - Tin(II)
Pb4+ Lead(IV)
Pb2+ - Lead(II)
Hg2+ - Mercury II

Some only form one type:
Ag1+ - Silver
Cd+ - Cadium
Zn2+ - Zinc

Question 4

Polyatomic ions

Answer 4

A group of elements that act like a single ion when forming a compound.

Question 5

Ternary

Answer 5

If the compounds formed with the polyatomic ions consist of three elements

Question 6

NO2 vs. NO3 Naming (polyatomic ions)

Answer 6

The name of the one with fewer oxygen atoms ends in -ite and the name of the one with more oxygen atoms ends in -ate.

Question 7

ClO-, ClO2-, ClO3-, ClO4-

Answer 7

Hypochlorite (hypo- name the polyatomic ion with the fewest oxygen ions)

Chlorite

Chlorate

Perchlorate (per- to name the polyatomic ion with the most oxygen ions)

Question 8

Binary Covalent Compounds

Answer 8

Formed between two nonmetals

Do not contain Ions

Question 9

Name Binary Compounds

Answer 9

1. The first element in the formula is named first, using the full elemental name
2. The second element is named as if it were an anion and uses its elemental name
3. Prefixes are used to denote the number of the second element present. These prefixes are shown in the table below
4. The prefix mono- is never used for naming the first element. For example, CO is called carbon monoxide.

Question 10

Naming Acids & Bases

Answer 10

Acid: hydro- & -ic

Ex. hydrochloric acid HCl

Ternary compound:
-ous: acid containing one less atom of oxygen than the most common acid
per-: the most common acid

Question 11

Salt Rules

Answer 11

• ic acid form -ate salts
• ous acids form -ite salts

hydro-(stem)-ic acids form -ide salts

Question 12

empirical formula

Answer 12

the simplest ratio formula, and the actual formula is the true formula

Question 13

Law of Definite Composition

Answer 13

Every time the particular compound forms, it forms in the same percent composition

Question 14

The Law of Multiple Proportions

Answer 14

The mass of the other element is present in a small-whole-number ratio to the weight of the first element.

Question 15

Ionic Equation

Answer 15

show only the substances that react in the chemical action