Chemical Formulas and Chemical Compounds

Question 1

monatomic ion

Answer 1

ion formed from a single atom

Question 2

formation of monatomic ions

Answer 2

gaining or losing electrons

Question 3

binary compound

Answer 3

compound composed of 2 elements

Question 4

nomenclature

Answer 4

naming system

Question 5

nomenclature of binary ionic compounds

Answer 5

involves combining the names of the compound’s positive and negative ions

name of cation placed before name of anion

Question 6

stock system

Answer 6

system of using a Roman numeral after name of d-block cations to indicate the oxidation number

used with elements which form 2 or more cations with different charges

Question 7

oxyanion

Answer 7

polyatomic ion that contains oxygen

Question 8

nomenclature of oxyanions

Answer 8

most common ion’s suffix becomes “-ate”

ion with 1 less oxygen than most common ion’s suffix becomes “-ite”

ion with 2 less oxygen than most common ion’s prefix becomes “hypo-“

ion with 1 more oxygen than most common ion’s suffix becomes “per-“

Question 9

prefix for 1

Answer 9

mono-

Question 10

prefix for 2

Answer 10

di-

Question 11

prefix for 3

Answer 11

tri-

Question 12

prefix for 4

Answer 12

tetra-

Question 13

prefix for 5

Answer 13

penta-

Question 14

prefix for 6

Answer 14

hexa-

Question 15

prefix for 7

Answer 15

hepta-

Question 16

prefix for 8

Answer 16

octa-

Question 17

prefix for 9

Answer 17

nona-

Question 18

prefix for 10

Answer 18

deca-

Question 19

acid

Answer 19

distinct type of molecular compound

usually refers to a solution in water of a compound rather than the compound itself

Question 20

classifications of acids

Answer 20

binary acids

oxyacids

Question 21

binary acid

Answer 21

acid that consist of 2 elements (usually hydrogen and a halogen)

Question 22

oxyacid

Answer 22

acid that contains hydrogen, oxygen, and a third element (usually a nonmetal)

Question 23

salt

Answer 23

ionic compound composed of a cation and anion from an acid

Question 24

oxidation number

oxidation state

Answer 24

positive or negative whole number assigned to an element in a molecule or ion

assigned to atoms composing a compound or ion in order to indicate the general distribution of electrons among bonded atoms

Question 25

percentage composition

Answer 25

percentage by mass of each element in a compound

Question 26

percentage composition formula

Answer 26

Question 27

empirical formula

Answer 27

chemical formula consisting of the symbols for the elements combined in a compound with subscripts showing the smallest whole-number ratio of the different atoms in the compound

Question 28

steps to find empirical formula

Answer 28

find percentage composition convert percentage composition to mass convert mass to moles use mole values as subscripts factor subscripts to whole numbers

Question 29

molecular formula formula

Answer 29

chemical formula of a molecular compound that shows the kinds and numbers of atoms present in a molecule of a compound

Question 30

hydrate

Answer 30

compound with a specific number of water molecules bound to its atoms

Question 31

anhydrous compound

Answer 31

compound without water (or from which water has been removed)

Question 32

oxidation number of aluminum

Answer 32

3+

Question 33

oxidation number of zinc

Answer 33

2+

Question 34

oxidation number of silver

Answer 34

1+

Question 35

oxidation number of magnesium

Answer 35

2+

Question 36

oxidation number of elements in group 1

Answer 36

1+

Question 37

oxidation number of elements in group 2

Answer 37

2+

Question 38

oxidation number of elements in group 13

Answer 38

3+

Question 39

oxidation number of elements in group 14

Answer 39

+4

Question 40

oxidation number of elements in group 15

Answer 40

3-

Question 41

oxidation number of elements in group 16

Answer 41

-2

Question 42

oxidation number of elements in group 17

Answer 42

-1

Question 43

formula of ammonia

Answer 43

NH₃

Question 44

formula of sulfuric acid

Answer 44

H₂SO₄

Question 45

formula of nitric acid

Answer 45

HNO₃

Question 46

formula of phosphoric acid

Answer 46

H₃PO₄