Chemical Reactions

Question 1

What’s anabolic

Answer 1

Bonds are formed which results in absorption of energy

Question 2

Catabolic meaning

Answer 2

Bonds are broken which results in release of energy

Question 3

What’s rearrangements

Answer 3

Bonds are rearranged between molecules (there is no net change in energy bands as both are broken and formed)

Question 4

What is negative feedback loop steps

Answer 4

There is a stimulus (change in variable) which the sensor (receptors) detect the actual value of variable which sends signal to the control centre (hypothalamus) which compares the actual value to its set point range of variables. It then sends signals to the effectors which initiates activities that will change variable bringing it back to set point range

Question 5

How does a positive feedback loop work in terms of labour

Answer 5

The cervix begins to stretch and the stretchreceptors detect the change in variable and send nerve impulses to the control centre (hypothalamus) which compares the amount of stretch to the set point range. It then stimulates the release of oxytocin (hormone) the effectors of this is the smooth muscle of the uterus. The oxytocin stimulates contractions that push the baby further into the cervix making it stretch more. This loop repeats until the baby is born

Question 6

What are signals called travelling to control centre

Answer 6

Afferent

Question 7

What are signals called travelling away from control centre

Answer 7

Efferent

Question 8

chemicals in body

Answer 8

water, electrolytes, acids and bases, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, ATP, nucleic acids

Question 9

variables in feedback loop

Answer 9

temperature, blood pressure, blood sugar, heart rate, O2 levels, H2O levels

Question 10

whats a stimulus

Answer 10

change in variable value

Question 11

whats a variable

Answer 11

parameters that are monitored and controlled by the feedback systems

Question 12

whats a set point range

Answer 12

the physiological value around which the normal range fluctuates.

Question 13

whats water do in body

Answer 13

most important solvent and abundant chemical in body, body solvent which regulates heat, provides cushioning and is highly reactive with other chemicals

Question 14

whats electrolytes do in body

Answer 14

ions that dissolve in water, forming solutes that conduct electrical currents

Question 15

whats acids and bases do in body

Answer 15

specific electrolytes that release hydrogen or hydroxide ions in water.

Question 16

whats carbohydrates do in body

Answer 16

composed of saccharides (sugars) which provide an important source of energy for body cells

Question 17

whats lipids do in body

Answer 17

water insoluble celluar energy source composed of fatty acids

Question 18

whats proteins do in body

Answer 18

composed of chains of amino acids creating important structual components of the body and forming enzymes

Question 19

whats ATP do in body

Answer 19

energy in bonds of this chemical is immediately avaliavle to cells to drive cellular activity.

Question 20

whats nucleic acids do in body

Answer 20

chains of nucleotifes makeing up genetic makeup of the body

Question 21

major human body elements

Answer 21

hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen

Question 22

minor human body elements

Answer 22

calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chloride, magnesium, iodine, iron, chromium, cobalt, copper, flurione, manganese, silicone, tin, zinc, selenium, vanadium, and molybdenum