Chemical Reactions

Question 0

Define Decomposition reactions

Answer 0

Occur when a compound breaks up into the elements or in a few to simpler compounds

Reactant -> product + Product

Question 1

Define Synthesis reactions

Answer 1

Occur when two substances combine and form a compound

Reactant + Reactant -> product

Question 2

Define single replacement reactions:

Answer 2

Occurs when one element replaces another in a compound

element + compound -> product + product

Question 3

Define double replacement reactions

Answer 3

Occurs when a metal replaces a metal in a compound

coumpound + compound -> product + product

Question 4

Define combustion reactions

Answer 4

Combustions reactions occur when hydrogen reacts with oxygen gas
need three things in order to react:
1. A Fuel (hydrocarbon)
2. Oxygen
3. Something to ignite the reaction (a spark)

Question 5

Define Hydration

Answer 5

The process in which an ion is surrounded by water molecules arranged in a specific manner; occurs when salts dissolve in water

Question 6

Components of a Solution: Describe a solvent

Answer 6

Dissolves a solute
retains its phase
is present in greater amount

Question 7

Components of a Solutions: Describe a Solute

Answer 7

dissolves in water (or another solvent)
changes phase
is present in lesser amount

Question 8

Whats a strong Electrolyte?

Answer 8

conducts current efficiently
dissociate 100% in solute
all water soluble tonic compounds, some molecular compunds

Question 9

Whats a weak electrolyte?

Answer 9

conducts a small amount of current
Does not completely dissociate
ionic compound and some molecular compounds
Reaction is reversible

Question 10

what solutions do not have current flows?

Answer 10

Pure Water & sugar solutions

Question 11

Differentiate between a strong acid and a weak acid

Answer 11

Strong acids: dissociate completely to produce H+ in solutions
Weak acids: dissociate to a sliht extent to give H+ in solution

Question 12

Differentiate between strong bases and weak bases

Answer 12

Strong Bases: react completely with water to give OH- ions

Weak bases: react only slightly with water to give OH- ions

Question 13

Name the three types of solution reactions

Answer 13

Precipitation reactions
Acid-base reactions
Oxidation-reduction reactions

Question 14

Define a Precipitation Reaction

Answer 14

Reactions that result in the formation of an insoluble product (precipitate).

Question 15

Are Nitrates soluble?

Answer 15

Yes

Question 16

Are alkali salts soluble?

Answer 16

Yes

Question 17

Is NH3 soluble

Answer 17

Yes

Question 18

Is Cl- soluble?

Answer 18

Yes

Question 19

Is Br- soluble

Answer 19

Yes

Question 20

Is I- soluble

Answer 20

Yes

Question 21

Are sulfate salts soluble?

Answer 21

Yes

Question 22

What are the OH- salts soluble?

Answer 22

NaOH, KOH

Ba(OH)2, Ca(OH)2

Question 23

Is carbonate soluble

Answer 23

Yes

Question 24

Is phosphate soluble?

Answer 24

Yes

Question 25

Is sulfur soluble

Answer 25

Yes

Question 26

Are Chromates soluble

Answer 26

Yes

Question 27

Name the seven strong acids

Answer 27

Hydrochloric, Hydrobromic, Hydroidic, Nitric, Sulfuric, Chloric, Perchloric

Question 28

The strong bases are the soluble metal salts of hydroxide ion:

Answer 28

Alkali Metals, calcium, strontium, barium

Question 29

What happens when oxidation occurs

Answer 29

An atom or ion loses electrons

Question 30

What happens when a reduction occurs

Answer 30

The atom or ion gains electrons

Question 31

What is reduced is the

Answer 31

oxidizing agent

Question 32

What is oxidized is the

Answer 32

Reducing agent

Question 33

add what to Oxidtaion-reduction reactions in an acids

Answer 33

H+

Question 34

Add what to the oxidation-reduction reaction in a basic solution

Answer 34

H+ first then add OH- to neutralize the H+ ions