Chemical Reactions Flashcards
(15 cards)
Reaction
something done, felt, or thought in response to a situation or event
Observation
the action or process of closely observing or monitoring something or someone
Solubility
Amount of a substance (called the solute) that dissolves in a unit volume of a liquid substance (called the solvent) to form a saturated solution under specified conditions of temperature and pressure.
Combination
A combination reaction is a reaction where two reactants are combined into one product.
Exchange
A method of separating isotopes of the lighter elements by the repetition of a process of chemical change which involves exchange of the isotopes.
Thermal Decomposition
Thermal decomposition, or thermolysis, is a chemical decomposition caused by heat. The decomposition temperature of a substance is the temperature at which the substance chemically decomposes. The reaction is usually endothermic as heat is required to break chemical bonds in the compound undergoing decomposition
Displacement
A displacement reaction is a type of reaction where part of one reactant is replaced by another reactant.
Reactant
Substances initially present in a chemical reaction that are consumed during the reaction to make products.
Product
The compounds that are formed when a reaction goes to completion.
Spectator ions
A spectator ion is an ion that exists in the same form on both the reactant and product sides of a chemical reaction.
Precipitate
Precipitation is the creation of a solid in a solution or inside another solid during a chemical reaction or by diffusion in a solid. When the reaction occurs in a liquid solution, the solid formed is called the ‘precipitate’.The chemical that causes the solid to form is called the ‘precipitant’.
Element
An element is a substance consisting of atoms which all have the same number of protons - i.e. the same atomic number. Elements are chemically the simplest substances and hence cannot be broken down using chemical methods. Elements can only be changed into other elements using nuclear methods
Ion
an electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of one or more electrons, as a cation (positive ion) which is created by electron loss and is attracted to the cathode in electrolysis, or as an anion (negative ion) which is created by an electron gain and is attracted to the anode. The valence of an ion is equal to the number of electrons lost or gained and is indicated by a plus sign for cations and a minus sign for anions, thus: Na +, Cl−, Ca ++, S =.
Atom
An atom is the defining structure of an element, which cannot be broken by any chemical means. A typical atom consists of a nucleus of protons and neutrons with electrons orbiting this nucleus.
Proton
A proton is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of every atom. The particle has a positive electrical charge, equal and opposite to that of the electron. If isolated, a single proton would have a mass of only 1.673 ? 10-27 kilogram, just slightly less than the mass of a neutron.
