Chemical Reactions

Question 1

Where are the reactants listed in a word equation?

Answer 1

The left side

Question 2

Where are the products in a word equation?

Answer 2

The right side

Question 3

What are reactants?

Answer 3

The substances which are present initially in a chemical reaction

Question 4

What are products?

Answer 4

The substances which are present at the end of a chemical reaction

Question 5

What does the arrow mean in a chemical equation?

Answer 5

Yield
Forms
Produces
Reacts to produce
Decomposes into

Question 6

What is always present when something burns?

Answer 6

Oxygen

Question 7

What are some diatomic atoms?

Answer 7

Nitrogen Hydrogen Florine Oxygen Iodine Carbon

Bromine

Question 8

What does the law of conservation state?

Answer 8

The mass of the reactants must be equal to the mass of the products

Question 9

What are the 5 basic types of chemical reactions?

Answer 9

Synthesis    A+B=AB
Decomposition   AB= A+B
Single replacement   A+BC=AC+B
Double replacement  AB+XY=AY+XB
Combustion

Question 10

What’s synthesis?

Answer 10

The combination of 2 of more substances to make a compound

Question 11

What’s decomposition?

Answer 11

One substance breaks down to create 2 or more similar substances

Question 12

What’s single replacement?

Answer 12

Occurs when one element is replaced by another

Question 13

What’s double replacement?

Answer 13

Occurs when elements in a solution of compounds exchange places or replace each other

Question 14

What’s combustion?

Answer 14

Involves the burning of a hydrocarbon in the presence of oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water

Question 15

What are 3 characteristics of acids?

Answer 15

Water soluble
Conducts electricity
Reactive

Question 16

What are 4 characteristics of bases?

Answer 16

Conducts electricity
Water soluble
Slippery when in aquas solution
Bitter tasting

Question 17

What are 3 examples of acids?

Answer 17

Sulfuric Acid
Vinegar
Citric Acid

Question 18

What are 3 examples of bases?

Answer 18

Sodium hydroxide
Bleach
Potassium hydroxide
Aluminum hydroxide

Question 19

What’s an example of a neutral substance?

Answer 19

Water

Question 20

How is acidity measured?

Answer 20

pH scale

Question 21

What’s is a universal indicator?

Answer 21

Is a substance that turns different colours in solution with different pH values

Question 22

What’s the advantage of using universal indicators rather than litmus paper?

Answer 22

You immediately know the pH

Question 23

What’s a rate of reaction?

Answer 23

The speed of a reaction

Question 24

How to reactions take place?

Answer 24

Reactions take place when particles collide with a certain amount of energy

Question 25

What's activation energy?

Answer 25

The minimum amount of energy needed for the particles to react

Question 26

What does the rate of reaction depend on?

Answer 26

Frequency and Energy

Question 27

What are factors that affect the rate of reaction?

Answer 27

``` Increased Temperature Increased surface area Use of a catalyst Increased concentration of reactants Increased pressure of gaseous reactants ```

Question 28

Why does heat speed of the rate of reaction?

Answer 28

At higher temperature particles have more energy. This means they move more and are more likely to collide with other particles

Question 29

What do catalysts do?

Answer 29

They speed up the rate of reaction. They do this by lowering the activation energy so less energy is needed to start a reaction

Question 30

What are 3 examples of catalysts?

Answer 30

Nickel Iron Platinum

Question 31

Why are catalysts important for industry?

Answer 31

Products can be made more quickly, saving time and money. Catalysts reduce the need for heat saving fuel and reducing pollution.

Question 32

What's another name for an acid-base reaction?

Answer 32

Neutralization reactions

Question 33

What are the products of acid-base reactions?

Answer 33

Water and salt

Question 34

Give an example of acid-base reaction

Answer 34

Hydrobromic acid+sodium hydroxide = water + salt

Question 35

How can we describe chemical reactions?

Answer 35

Word Equation Skeleton Equation Balanced Equation