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Chemistry- Chemical Reactivity > Chemical Reactivity > Flashcards

Chemical Reactivity Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

Acidic Solutions Properties

A

Proton Doners
Turns litmus red and phenophalin colorless
Neutralized by Bases
pH <7 (less than 7)

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2
Q

Catalyst

A

A substance which speeds up and increases the rate of reaction without being used up by creating an alternative energy pathway with a lower activation energy for the reaction

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3
Q

KC (very large)

A

Forward reaction would’ve gone to completion

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4
Q

Acts as both an base and an acid

A

Amphiprotic

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5
Q

KC >1

A

At equilibrium products will be favored

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6
Q

Partly ionizes

A

Two arrows

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7
Q

Completely Ionizes

A

1 arrow

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8
Q

Kc <1

A

At equilibrium the reverse reaction will be favored.

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9
Q

Reaction Rate

A

The frequency of successful collisions of that will occur in a given time

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10
Q

POH formula

A

POH=-log (OH-)

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11
Q

Pkw=Ph+POH
Pkw is..

A

14

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12
Q

Solid to liquid- Liquid to gas

A

Endothermic

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13
Q

Gas to Liquid, liquid to solid

A

Exothermic

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14
Q

(OH-) formula

A

10-POH

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15
Q

Units for enthalpy change

A

KJ or KJ mol-1

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16
Q

Le chataliers Principle

A

When a change is made to a system at equilibrium, the system responds to reduce the effects of the change

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17
Q

Activation Energy

A

The minimum amount of energy that is required before the reactants can successfully collide and react with each other. The energy barrier of a reaction.

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18
Q

Conductivity of a solution

A

Depends on the total concentration of ions in a solution

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19
Q

Bond Breaking

A

Endothermic

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20
Q

Bond Making

21
Q

Temperature on reaction rate

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A

More particles have greater energy the activation energy - more successful collisions - rate of reaction. Particles move faster and more chance of collisions - frequency- rate of reaction

22
Q

Common Acids

Study These Flashcards
A

HCL, HNO, H2SO4, H2CO3, CH3COOH

23
Q

KC=very small

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A

then the reaction will not occur

24
Q

Basic Solution

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A

turns litmus blue and phenophalin pink/purple
Neutralizes acids
Conducts electricity (ions free to move)
Alkalis - soluble bases form OH-
Ph >7

25
Strong Acids will
have low PH (greater conc of H30+) fully dissociate,
26
Strong Bases will
Completely Ionize in water (dissociate) High PH- high conc of OH-
27
Finding the Ph of Strong bases using KW
(H3O+)= 1x10-14/(OH-)
28
Effect of surface area on reaction rate
Increase in SA, frequency of collisions increase and rate of reaction
29
Close and Open system
Closed System-Where all matter and chemicals are contained only energy can leave Open System- Where matter and energy can leave and dissipate
30
Collison Theory
Particles must collide with enough enough energy to overcome Ea and in the right orientation
31
Equilibrium reaction must
be reversible and occur in a closed system
32
Effect of conc on reaction rate
One of reactants is soln or all are gases, increased conc- increased collision chance- frequency of collisions increase and reaction rate Rate of reaction decreases as the reaction continues as conc of reactions decreases- more particles same volume
33
Catalyst on reaction rate
increases Reaction rate by lowering Ea for a reaction- collisions more effective- alternative pathway- speeds up reactions
34
PH of (OH-)
POH=-log (OH-)=x PH=14-x
35
Common Bases
naOH, NH4OH,/NH3, KOH, CA(OH)2 MG(OH2)
36
Equilibrium expression
Used to calculate the equilibrium constant (KC) Products over reactants
37
Pressure Change only has an effect if
gases are present
38
KC expression has no
Solids or liquids
39
Reversible Reaction
A reaction where reactants go into products and products go into reactants
40
Dynamic Equilibrium
The forward and reverse reaction occur at the same rate, the concentrations of products and reactants will remain constant.
41
Factors affecting the rate of reaction
concentration, surface area, temperature of reactants and the presence of catalysts.
42
Same Volume and Concentration
Same number of reaction ions present so the total amount of product produced for the reaction will be the same so the lines will end at the same point.
43
Enthalpy Change Postive-
Forward Reaction is endothermic
44
Enthalpy Change Negative
Forward Reaction is exothermic
45
Increased Concentration of products
Increased Size of KC
46
Increased concentration of reactants
Decreased size of KC
47
PH is directly related to
the (H30+) the greater the (H30+) the lower the PH, the greater (OH-) the higher the pH is.
48
Steep Line=
fast rate of reaction

Chemistry- Chemical Reactivity (2 decks)

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