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MA Cosmetology 2022 > Chemical Texturing > Flashcards

Chemical Texturing Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

Aldehyde

A

Results from the oxidation of primary alcohols;there are several other chemicals in the class of highly reactive chemical compounds (composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen)

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2
Q

Formaldehyde free

A

Products are manufactured ‘without’ the use of formaldehyde but could release a formaldehyde gas upon use

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3
Q

Permanent waving

A

Chemically rearranging straight hair into a curly or wavy form

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4
Q

Protective cream

A

A cream barrier applied around the hairline and ears to protect the skin from permanent wave lotions or haircolor

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5
Q

Neutralizer

A

A chemical solution that stops the waving process of a permanent wave; rebuilds the bonds into their new form

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6
Q

Thio neutralization

A

The process of stopping a permanent wave and reforming the hair into its new curly shape

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7
Q

Preliminary test curl

A

Determines the required processing time and insures that the desired curl has been achieved for a permanent position wave service

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8
Q

Alkaline waves

cold waves

A

Processed without heat, the main ingredient is thioglycolic acid

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9
Q

Glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMTG)

A

The main active ingredient in true acid waves

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10
Q

True acid waves

A

Permanent waves processed with the application of of heat that have a pH range between 4.5 to 7; the main active ingredient is typically glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMTG)
These acid waves process slower than alkaline waves

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11
Q

Acid balanced waves

A

Permanent waves processed without heat that have a pH ranging between 7 and 8.2; produce a firmer curl and process more quickly than true acid waves

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12
Q

Endothermic wave

A

Processed by the application of heat; hood dryer, heat processor

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13
Q

Exothermic wave

A

Processed by chemical reaction that releases heat; self heating

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14
Q

Ammonia-free waves

A

Uses an ingredient other than ammonia to reduce the odor associated with ammonia perms

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15
Q

Concave rod

A

A perm rod that has a small diameter in the center and larger diameter increase throughout the length

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16
Q

Straight rod

A

A perm rod with an even diameter throughout the entire rod length

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17
Q

Bender rod

flexible rods

A

Foam-covered rods that are easily bent into different shapes and used for permanent waving

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18
Q

Loop rod

circle rod

A

A long, plastic rod that is used to create spiral curls

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19
Q

Sponge rod

A

Pliable foam rods that allow hair to be chemically altered, creating a soft-end result

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20
Q

Double flat wrap

A

Requires hair to be placed between two end papers, one on each side of the hair strand

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21
Q

Book end wrap

A

Requires only one paper, which is folded in half much like a book

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22
Q

Single flat wrap

A

Requires only one paper used in conjunction with either the double end or book end wraps

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23
Q

Croquinole wrap

A

Wrapping the hair from ends to scalp in overlapping concentric layers

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24
Q

Spiral wrap

A

Consists of wrapping the hair at angle other than parallel to the length to the length of the rod, which creates a coiling effect of the hair

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25
Base direction
The position of the perm rod: horizontal,vertical, or diagonal, within a section and or parting
26
Base sections
The subsections located within a larger panel section; the hair is divided into smaller subsections that hold one perm rod each
27
Base control | base placement
The position of the tool in relation to its base section and is determined by the angle at which the hair is wrapped
28
Basic perm wrap (straight set wrap) (9-block wrap)
Controlled sections of hair in which perm rods are placed in rectangular-shaped subsections
29
Curvature perm wrap
Consists of parting that follow the shape of your guests head
30
Bricklay perm wrap
Perm rods are placed within a staggered pattern of subsections
31
Weave perm wrap
Wrapping consisting of controlled sections of hair that replaces straight parting with 'zigzag' partings
32
Piggyback perm wrap | double-rod
A wrap technique where hair longer than 10 to 12 inches is wrapped on one rod from the mid-shaft to scalp, and the remaining hair is wrapped around a second rod
33
Soft curl reformation
A chemical texture service that restructure overly curly hair into loose curls or waves
34
Porosity
The ability of the hair to absorb any liquid
35
Elasticity
The capability of the hair strand to stretch and return to its previous form without breaking; elasticity is directly related to the condition of the hair
36
Preliminary strand test
Performed as part of your guest consultation to test how the hair will respond to the chemical application
37
Amino acid
Protein building blocks of hair that link to together to form tiny protein fibers
38
Peptide bonds | end bonds
Connect amino acids (end to end) that form polypeptides
39
Polypeptide chain
Spiraling chain of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds
40
Side bonds | cross bonds
Connect polypeptide chains side by side; responsible for strength and elasticity
41
Hydrogen bonds
Physical side bond easily broken by water or heat; reforms when hair cools and/or dries
42
Salt bonds
Weak physical side bonds easily broken by change in pH; reforms when pH balance is restored
43
Disulfide bonds
Strong chemical side bonds that can only be broken by chemical solutions
44
Occupational disease
Any illness caused by overexposure to certain products or ingredients
45
Physical mixtures
Consists of two or more types of matter that are blended together, but not chemically altered; each part in the mixture maintains its own properties
46
Miscible
When a substance is able to be mixed with another substance
47
Immiscible
When a substance is not able to mix with another substance
48
Potential hydrogen | pH
A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution
49
pH scale
A scale ranging from 0 to 14 that measures if a product is acid (0-6.9), an alkaline ( 7.1 to 14), or neutral (7)
50
Chemical relaxing
To chemically alter naturally curly or wavy hair into a straighter form
51
Lanthionization
The process of removing one sulfer and replacing it with a disulfide bond
52
Normalizing lotions
Solutions with an acidic pH that restores the hair's natural pH after a hydroxide relaxer
53
Neutralizing shampoo
Used to help remove any remaining chemicals left in the hair after a chemical relaxer and to restore hair to normal acidic pH
54
Base cream | protective base cream
An oily cream applied on the scalp/skin to protect from the chemicals in the relaxer
55
Neutralizing | rebonding
Chemically restoring disulfide bonds to harden into a new shape
56
Hydroxide neutralization | acid/alkali neutralization reaction
Neutralizes any remaining alkaline residue left by the hydroxide relaxer and helps to restore the pH of the hair and scalp
57
Viscosity
Measurement of how thick or thin a liquid is and how that affects the liquids flow
58
Hydroxide relaxer
Relaxers with a high alkaline (pH) content; available in varying formulations
59
Sodium hydroxide | lye
A strong alkaline ingredient used in chemical relaxers
60
Potassium hydroxide - Lithium hydroxide
A very strong alkaline ingredient used in chemical relaxers; typically marketed as no-mix, no-lye
61
Guanidine hydroxide
Relaxer requiring the mixing of two products; advertised as 'no-lye' for sensitive skin
62
Base relaxer
Requires a protective base cream to be applied to the hairline and scalp; when a relaxer is labeled 'base relaxer', it means the relaxer is too strong to be applied without the application of a base cream
63
No-base relaxer | no-lye relaxer
Do not require a base cream to be applied to the skin or scalp
64
Thioglycolate relaxers | thio relaxers
Are chemical compounds with the additive ingredient ammonia; considered to be a 'no-lye' relaxer, suitable for soft curl reformation
65
Ammonium thioglycolate | ATG
A combination of ammonia and thioglycolic acid that creates a reducing agent used in permanent waves and relaxers
66
Ammonium bisulfide relaxer
A mild, alternative relaxer containing a low pH compatible with thio relaxers
67
Formaldehyde
An organic compound that is a colorless, flammable and pungent gas; present in the air and many food and beauty products

MA Cosmetology 2022 (3 decks)

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