chemiosmotic hypothesis

Question 1

where is NADP molecule located

Answer 1

on the stroma side of the membrane

Question 2

what are the products of light reaction ?

Answer 2

ATP, NADPH & 02

Question 3

when does bio synthetic phase start ?

Answer 3

immidiately after light is unavailable

Question 4

is biosynthetic phase a dark reaction?

Answer 4

yes

Question 5

who led to the discovery that first product of co2 fixation is a 3 carbon organic molecule

Answer 5

melvin calvin

Question 6

melvin calvin used which isotope of carbon and what organism

Answer 6

14c and used algae

Question 7

what was the 3 carbon molecule that was the first product of co2 fixation

Answer 7

3- phosphoglyceric acid / PGA

Question 8

what was the 4 carbon molecule that was the first product of co2 fixation in another plants

Answer 8

oxaloacetic acid/ OAA

Question 9

how many carbon atoms did the acceptor of PGA have? what was its name? what biomolecule is it?

Answer 9

5 carbon
rubilose bisphosphate
5-carbon ketose sugar

Question 10

what are the steps involved in calvin cycle

Answer 10

carboxylation
reduction
regeneration

Question 11

which is the most crucial step of calvin cycle?

Answer 11

carboxylation

Question 12

in carboxylation co2 is utilised for the carboxylation of _. and this reaction is catalysed by the enzyme _ and the product is _

Answer 12

RuBP
RuBP carboxylase- oxygenase RuBPCO
3-PGA

Question 13

what is carboxylation

Answer 13

fixation of co2 into a stable organic intermediate

Question 14

how many molecules of ATP does phosphorylation involve

Answer 14

2

Question 15

how many molecules of NADPH is required for reduction of co2

Answer 15

2

Question 16

how many turns of calvin cycle and molecules of co2 are required for one molecule of glucose

Answer 16

6 co2 6 cycles

Question 17

the regeneration step involves how many molecules of atp

Answer 17

1

Question 18

what is regenerated in the regeneration process

Answer 18

RuBP

Question 19

to make one molecule of glucose 6 turns of cycles are required. so how many ATP &NADPH will be required for one molecule of glucose ?

Answer 19

12 NADPH
18 ATP

Question 20

how many molecules of atp and nadph required for fixing 1 molecule of co2

Answer 20

2 nadph and 3 atp

Question 21

what type of plants do we see in dry tropical areas

Answer 21

C4

Question 22

the large cells around the vascular bundles of the c4 plants are called ?

Answer 22

bundle sheath cells

Question 23

the large cells around the vascular bundles of the c4 plants are called ? and the leaves with such anatomy is called ?

Answer 23

bundle sheath cells
kranz anatomy

Question 24

what does kranz mean

Answer 24

wreath

Question 25

how are bundle sheath cells charecterised

Answer 25

by forming layers around vascular bundle cells and having large number of chloroplasts , thick walls impervious to gaseous exchange and no intercellular spaces

Question 26

give example of c4 plants

Answer 26

maize and sorghum

Question 27

is hatch and slack a cyclic process

Answer 27

yes

Question 28

what is the primary acceptor in hatch slack pathway? and where is it present ?

Answer 28

3 carbon molecule phosphoenol pyruvate
present in mesophyll cells

Question 29

mesophyll cells lack ___ enzyme in c4 plants

Answer 29

RuBisCO enzyme

Question 30

OAA is formed in which cells

Answer 30

mesophyll cells

Question 31

the bundle sheath cells are rich in which enzyme but lack ?

Answer 31

rubisco
PEPcase

Question 32

which pathway is common to c3 and 4 plants

Answer 32

calvin pathway

Question 33

calvin pathway in c3 plants take place in __ and in c4 takes place in

Answer 33

c3- mesophyll
c4 - bundle sheath cells