Chemistry 1

Question 1

The Greek philosopher that believed that all matter consisted of very small indivisible particles he called atomos:

Answer 1

Democritus

Question 2

Which of the following is not part of Dalton’s Atomic Theory:

Answer 2

Atoms of a given element show small differences in mass.

Question 3

Different samples of the same compound always contain its constituent elements in the same proportion by mass:

Answer 3

Law of definite proportions

Question 4

Matter can be neither created or destroyed:

Answer 4

Law of Conservation of Mass

Question 5

The scientist who determined the magnitude of the electric charge of the electron was

Answer 5

Millikan

Question 6

Credited with the discovery of the electron:

Answer 6

Thomson

Question 7

Rutherford’s gold foil experiment lead to the discovery of which of the following

Answer 7

nucleus, protons

Question 8

what is amu?

Answer 8

atomic mass unit

Question 9

where are protons found?

Answer 9

nucleaus

Question 10

proton mass and charge?

Answer 10

1 amu and 1 positive charge

Question 11

where are neutrons found?

Answer 11

nucleus

Question 12

neutron mass and charge?

Answer 12

1 amu and neutral charge

Question 13

where are electrons found?

Answer 13

outside the nucleus

Question 14

electrons mass and charge?

Answer 14

0 mass and 1 negative charge

Question 15

mass number

Answer 15

protons + neutrons

Question 16

charge

Answer 16

protons - electrons (never hidden)

Question 17

isotope

Answer 17

atoms of the same element with different # of neutrons (different mass numbers)

Question 18

element

Answer 18

anything with one type of atom

Question 19

atom

Answer 19

basic unit of an element that is entered through a chemical combination (cannot be broken up)

Question 20

molecule

Answer 20

two or more atoms (that can be the same or different) chemically bonded, all molecules aren’t compounds

Question 21

compound

Answer 21

two or more different atoms chemically bonded, all compounds are molecules

Question 22

ion

Answer 22

any atom that gained or loss electrons

Question 23

diatomic molecules

Answer 23

elements with two or more of the same atoms (only 7 elements)

Question 24

ionic compounds

Answer 24

metal (loses electrons and becomes positive) + nonmetal (steals electrons and becomes negative) metal is always first

Question 25

covalent compound

Answer 25

nonmetal + nonmetal, share an electron = no charge

Question 26

Dalton's theory

Answer 26

elements are composed of small particles called atoms, all atoms in a given element are identical, and have the same size, mass, and chemical properties

Question 27

Law of Multiple Proportions

Answer 27

if 2 elements can combine to form more than one compound, the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other element are in ratios of small whole numbers

Question 28

Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 28

matter can be neither created or destroyed. Matter is made up of atoms that are unchanged in a chemical reaction, it follows that mass must be conserved as well.

Question 29

What particle(s) are found in the center of the atom?

Answer 29

protons and neutrons

Question 30

Who discovered the neutron by bombarding a thin sheet of beryllium with alpha particles:

Answer 30

Chadwick

Question 31

If atoms contain charged particles, why is the atom neutral?

Answer 31

They contain the same number of protons as electrons

Question 32

What is the atomic number equal to?

Answer 32

the number of protons in the nucleus

Question 33

What characteristic of an element varies between isotopes?

Answer 33

Mass Number

Question 34

Which particle(s) determine the name of the element?

Answer 34

protons and neutrons

Question 35

radiation

Answer 35

the emission and transmission of energy through space in forms of waves

Question 36

J. J. Thomson

Answer 36

used a cathode ray tube to determine the ratio of electric charge to the mass of an individual electron. discovered the electron

Question 37

Millikan

Answer 37

succeeded in measuring the charge of the electron with great precision. Proved that the charge on each electron was exactly the same. He examined the motion of single tiny drops of oil that picked up static charge from ions in the air. He suspended the charged drops in the air by applying an electric field and followed their motions through a microscope

Question 38

rutherford

Answer 38

found protons and the nucleus

Question 39

Chadwick

Answer 39

founded neutrons

Question 40

periodic table

Answer 40

a chart in which elements having similar chemical and physical properties are grouped together

Question 41

periods

Answer 41

Horizontal rows

Question 42

groups/families

Answer 42

vertical columns

Question 43

alkaline metals

Answer 43

first column except H

Question 44

alkaline earth metals

Answer 44

second column

Question 45

halogens

Answer 45

17th column until At 85

Question 46

noble gases

Answer 46

18th column until Rn 86