Chemistry: 1.1 - 1.3 Flashcards
(25 cards)
Compressed gas.
Explode if dropped or exposed to heat.
Flammable.
Catches on fire.
Oxidizer.
Oxygen fuels the fire.
Poisonous.
Serious and immediate. Do not inhale or swallow, no skin contact.
Biohazardous.
Infectious, carries diseases
Corrosive.
Will burn the lungs if inhaled or the skin if touched.
Reactive.
Do not expose it to water, may explode
Toxic.
The effects of toxicity are not immediate, and they get worse with repeated exposure
What does WHMIS stand for? What is its purpose?
Workplace, Hazardous, Materials, Information, System.
The WHMIS labels provide information about the hazards of materials and the precautions to take when handling them at school or work.
What are the four states of matter?
Solid, Liquid, Gas, and Plasma
What do STATES OF MATTER depend on?
Temprature.
Physical Property
Properties that can be OBSERVED or MEASURED without changing the
composition of the substance.
Phichycal Change
When a substance undergoes a change that DOES NOT change its chemical composition.
Chemical Property
Properties that can be OBSERVED or MEASURED only when the substance CHANGES to become an ENTIRELY DIFFERENT kind of substance. Ex.
-reaction with water + heat + acid
- behaviour in the air
Chemical Change
When a substance combines with another to form a new substance. Ex. Pancake, expired milk - bacteria mix in with milk
Pure Substance
-Material that contains only ONE kind of
particle.
* All pure substances can exist in three
states of matter (solid, liquid, gas).
* Each pure substance has its own set of
physical properties (colour, odour,
density, melting point, solubility).
* Examples: iron, gold, oxygen, table salt,
water, sugar, diamond.
Mixture
- Material that combines two or more pure
substances together. - The physical properties of each pure
substance still exist but they may be
hidden in the mixture. - Examples: paint, smog, ocean water, air,
tossed salad, cement.
Elements
Made up of only ONE type of particle.
* All elements are listed on the Periodic
Table.
Examples: copper, gold, silver,
Compounds
- Made up of TWO or more elements.
- Compounds can be broken down into
simpler substances.
(water hydrogen + oxygen) - Particles form molecules; and all the
molecules are identical
Examples: baking soda, salt, water,
Homogenous (also called solution)
- Uniform in composition looks like a
pure substance (only one visible phase). - Molecules are evenly dispersed. One
substance dissolves in the other. - Particles do NOT settle or separate.
- Different particles cannot be filtered
apart.
Examples: salt water, iced tea, coffee,
Heterogeneous (also called mechanical mixture)
- Not uniform in composition TWO visible
phases. - Different particles are visible.
- Particles are mixed but can be
separated. - Particles can be filtered.
Examples: frozen vegetables, cereal and milk
Colloids
- Larger particles are suspended in smaller
ones. - Particles do NOT settle.
- Particles are too small to be filtered or
separated. - Colloids are usually cloudy or opaque.
- Scatters light.
Examples: cheese, paint, mayonnaise,
Suspension
A heterogeneous mixture of a finely distributed solid in a liquid
* Largest particles suspended in a
substance.
* Particles will settle slowly after mixing.
* Particles can be filtered.
* Particles mix together but do not
dissolve.
* Does NOT scatter light.
Examples: sand in water, orange juice,
peanut butter,
Changes in States of Matter.
melting (fusion) = solid to liquid
condensation = gas to liquid
freezing (solidification) = liquid to solid
evaporation = liquid to gas
sublimation = solid to gas
deposition = gas to solid
