Chemistry

Question 1

what is an element?

Answer 1

a substance that cannot be broken down to anything simpler

Question 2

What is a molecule?

Answer 2

Two or more types of atoms, chemically bonded together.

Question 3

what is a compound?

Answer 3

Two or more different atoms chemically bonded together

Question 4

what is a mixture?

Answer 4

contains one or more substance

Question 5

why does fizzing take place during a chemical reaction?

Answer 5

Fizzing takes place because of a release of Hydrogen

Question 6

When the name of a compound ends in -IDE, how many elements are present?

Answer 6

2

Question 7

When would a compound end in -ATE?

Answer 7

If the compound has three elements, one of them being oxygen

Question 8

what is the product of base + acid reaction?

Answer 8

Acid + Base - Water + Salt

Question 9

what is conservation of mass?

Answer 9

conservation of mass is the need to have a equal number of atoms on both sides of a chemical word equation. The idea that mass cannot be gained or lost.

Question 10

what is the composition of air?

Answer 10

nitrogen - 78%
oxygen - 21%
other gases - 1%

Question 11

what is oxidation?

Answer 11

oxidation is the process of oxygen being added to metal. Creating an oxide.

Question 12

what type of solution is formed when a metal oxide is dissolved in water?

Answer 12

A basic solution is formed.

Question 13

what type of solution is formed when a non-metal is dissolved in water?

Answer 13

An acidic solution is formed.

Question 14

If a metal oxide doesn’t dissolve how does it affect the PH.

Answer 14

It does not do anything to the solution

Question 15

name three signs of chemical reactions.

Answer 15

Fizzing - gas being released
Colour change - appearing change
temperature change

Question 16

what will always be formed in a chemical reaction?

Answer 16

A new product will always be formed in a chemical reaction.

Question 17

what happens in a endothermic reaction?

Answer 17

in a endothermic reaction heat is released into the environment.

Question 18

what reaction is happening when the surroundings gets cooler?

Answer 18

An exothermic reaction is happening

Question 19

what is the definition of concentrate?

Answer 19

the amount of particles you have in a given volume.

Question 20

how do you test for CO2?

Answer 20

bubble a gas through limewater, the limewater will go cloudy if CO2 is present.

Question 21

Describe the reactivity of group 1?

Answer 21

• The lower down the group the more reactive the elements become.
• The further down the group you go the further away the shells are from the nucleus
• this makes the atom more stable.

Question 22

Describe the reactivity of group 7?

Answer 22

• The reactivity decreases the further down the group you go

- This is because the halogens are non-metals meaning they want to gain electrons to complete their outer shell.

Question 23

What happens in a oxidation reaction?

Answer 23

When an oxidation reaction takes place oxygen has been added to a metal, creating a metal oxide

Question 24

Metal + Acid - ?

Answer 24

Salt + Hydrogen

Question 25

What happens when you react a metal and water?

Answer 25

Metal + Water - metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 26

Why can Iron not be extracted by carbon?

Answer 26

Because carbon displaces the iron.

Question 27

What process can we use to extract a substance from carbon?

Answer 27

Electrolysis

Question 28

What conditions does something need to rust?

Answer 28

Exposure to water and oxygen

Question 29

What is the Thermitt reaction?

Answer 29

Aluminium + Iron oxide - iron + aluminium

Question 30

What is a metalloid?

Answer 30

A substance that displays properties of non-metals and metals

Question 31

How does the number of the group relate to the atomic structure of a particular element?

Answer 31

The group number tells us the amount of electrons/protons on the outer shell.

Question 32

Name the three sub-atomic particles?

Answer 32

- Protons - Electrons - Neutrons

Question 33

State the charge of a Proton?

Answer 33

charge: +1 mass: 1

Question 34

State the charge of a Electrons?

Answer 34

charge: -1 mass: 1/2000

Question 35

State the charge and mass of a Neutron?

Answer 35

charge: 0 mass: 1

Question 36

What types of particles are contained in the nucleus?

Answer 36

Protons and Neutrons

Question 37

What is an Isotope?

Answer 37

Isotopes are elements with the same atomic number but different mass number.

Question 38

How does the period number relate to the atomic structure of a particular element?

Answer 38

The period of the element tells us how many shells an element has.

Question 39

Do metals lose or gain electrons to fill their shells ?

Answer 39

Metals lose electrons to gain full shells

Question 40

Do non-metals lose or gain electrons to fill their shells?

Answer 40

Non-metals lose electrons to gain full shells.

Question 41

Do non-metals lose or gain electrons to fill their shells?

Answer 41

Non-metals gain electrons to gain full shells.

Question 42

what is the name of group 7?

Answer 42

The halogens

Question 43

What is a halide ion?

Answer 43

A halide ion is a compound with a group 7 element.

Question 44

What is an Ion?

Answer 44

An Ion is a charged atom E.G Na*+ or Cl*-

Question 45

Name three characteristics of The Noble Gases (Group 0/8)?

Answer 45

- They are inert - They are gases - They are monatomic

Question 46

what is the name of group 1?

Answer 46

The Alkaline metals.

Question 47

What is combustion?

Answer 47

Combustion is a rapid chemical combination of a substance with oxygen, involving the production of heat and light. Combustion is also known as burning.

Question 48

What is produced form a precipitation reaction?

Answer 48

A precipitate (an insoluble solid)

Question 49

What is this reaction called: base + acid -> salt + water ?

Answer 49

A neutralisation reaction

Question 50

Define corrosion

Answer 50

Corrosion is when a metal is gradually destroyed by reacting with substances in the environment.

Question 51

Define rusting

Answer 51

Rusting is the corrosion of iron.

Question 52

Name a catalyst of rust?

Answer 52

Salt