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Alpha > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

What state is a substance if it’s particles are NOT touching and are always moving?

A

Gas

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2
Q

What state is a particle in if it can touch each other but can move past each other?

A

Liquid

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3
Q

What particle state is much more spread out?

A

Gas

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4
Q

What particle state can match the shape of a container?

A

Liquid

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5
Q

Do crystalline solids have a regular repeating pattern or a disrupted arrangement?

A

Repeating pattern

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6
Q

What is an amorphous solid?

A

A disrupted arrangement that particles are associated and hold their shape

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7
Q

What is a crystalline solid?

A

A regular, ordered, repeating pattern that forms a solid lattice

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8
Q

True or False: Gas particles touch

A

False

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9
Q

What particle state is arranged in a regular pattern of lines and rows?

A

Solid State

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10
Q

What particle state are arranged randomly?

A

Liquid State

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11
Q

True or False: Solid particles vibrate on the spot

A

True

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12
Q

What is condensation?

A

A change of state from a gas to a liquid

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13
Q

How does condensation happen?

A

When you cool down a gas and reduce the energy of it’s particles

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14
Q

What is boiling?

A

A change from liquid to gas

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15
Q

How does boiling happen?

A

When liquid particles are heated, making them move faster and faster

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16
Q

What is the end result of boiling?

A

Particles move quickly without touching turning to gas

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17
Q

What is freezing?

A

When a liquid turns into a solid

18
Q

How does freezing happen?

A

Cooling down a liquid until the particles slow down, vibrating close together, making the particle arrangement into a solid

19
Q

What is melting?

A

A change from a solid to a liquid

20
Q

How does melting happen?

A

When the solid particles get extra energy, making them vibrate faster and faster to break away from it’s fixed position. Making them move freely over each other, turning into a liquid

21
Q

What is evaporation?

A

A change from liquid to gas

22
Q

What is the difference from evaporation and boiling?

A

Evaporation can happen at any temperature

23
Q

Why does evaporation happen?

A

Different particles in a liquid have different amounts of energy

24
Q

What happens in evaporation, when the particles gain enough energy to break free?

A

The physical state will become a gas

25
Q

What physical state changes from a gas to a liquid?

A

Condensation

26
Q

What state can change from a liquid to a solid?

A

Freezing

27
Q

What are the disadvanteges of the simple sphere model?

A
  • Forces between particles not shown
  • Shows particles as spheres
  • Shows particles as solids
28
Q

Can solids be compressed?

A

Solids cannot be compressed because the particles are already as close it can get

29
Q

Can liquids be compressed?

A

Generally not, but if forced enough it can be compressed a tiny bit

30
Q

Can gases be compressed?

A

Can be easily compressed

31
Q

Why can gases be easily compressed?

A

There are large spaces between the particles

32
Q

Can gases change shape?

A

They can change shape and fit their shape to any container or space

33
Q

Can liquids change shape?

A

It can flow and change shape to fit any shape of a container

34
Q

Can solids have a fixed shape?

A

If you put them in another container they will not change making it a fixed shape

35
Q

What is the symbol (s) used for?

A

solids

36
Q

What is the symbol (I) used for?

A

pure liquids

37
Q

What is the symbol (aq) used for?

A

aqueous solutions (substances dissolved in water)

38
Q

What is the symbol (g) used for?

A

Gases

39
Q

What is vapor pressure?

A

When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape

40
Q

What is intermolecular forces?

A

Broken during vaporization

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