Chemistry Flashcards
(30 cards)
Sulfuric Acid
H2S04
Nitric Acid
HNO3
Hydrochloric Acid
HCl
Calcium Hydroxide is…
A source of hydrogen ions H+
Acids are?
H+
Bases are?
OH-
Red on the pH scale is a?
Strong base
Yellow on the pH scale is a?
Weak base
Green on the pH scale is a?
Neutral substance
Blue on the pH scale is a?
Weak base
What colour will red litmus turn if salt is placed on it?
Salt is a neutral substance and therefore will not change the colour of the litmus.
What is an ion?
An atom (monoatomic or polyatomic) That has lost or gained electrons in order to gain a full stable outer shell.
What is a polyatomic atom?
An ion made of two or more atoms
What is a monoatomic ion?
A single atom with a positive or negative charge resulting from the loss or gain of one or more valence electrons
What is a reactant?
A chemical substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction
What is a product?
A substance produced in a chemical reaction
How do you calculate the atomic mass?
Number of protons and neutrons
How do you calculate the atomic number?
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, and the number of electrons located in the shells
What is collision theory?
For a chemical bonding to occur between two or more atoms, they have to be moving at or above their activation energy level and collide at the correct orientation
How does temperature increase the rate of reaction?
More kinetic energy so faster particles, therefore more successful collisions per second
How does concentration increase the rate of reaction?
More particles to collide with in a given volume so more successful collisions per second
How does surface area increase the rate of reaction?
More particles exposed to reactant particles to collide with so more successful collisions per second
How does a catalyst increase the rate of reaction?
Provide specific sites for collisions or reduces activation energy, so more successful collisions per second
What is particle theory?
All matter is made up of tiny particles (e.g atoms, ions, molecules, etc.) which are in a state of constant motion
